Boer goats
analysis and forecasting, according to the professionals, our sheep will present unprecedented heat situation. For chickens, ducks, edible dogs, pigs and other livestock feed, poultry and meat are the main food, high cost, efficiency is not obvious. sheep are grazing livestock, to facilitate grazing and captive, sheep grazing capacity and well-developed rumen, to extensive use of grass and straw and other roughage, people need to be translated into the lamb, wool, etc., and Sheep grow fast, disease resistance and high reproduction rate. usually when the annual output of the Lambs, when you can benefit from the slaughter.
lamb protein content than other meats, low fat, low cholesterol, good meat, lamb demand in the international market. In addition to lamb, the sheep, wool textile industry raw materials, but also an important export product.
Comrade Jiang Zemin at the 4th meeting of the Ninth National People's Congress, said: strengthening of agriculture and focused the income of farmers is to develop animal husbandry and aquaculture, livestock breeding industry coverage, the majority of party members and farmers in different regions can be raised, it is less investment, high commodity aluminum, which is the main source of income of farmers today, animal husbandry time dependence of the land is low, higher output per unit area, while the fine is satisfied but also more rural surplus labor, which can effectively alleviate the contradiction between people by increasing land. animal husbandry and agriculture are interdependent and mutually reinforcing, both the food into their value. they can improve. organic fertilizer to improve the quality of agricultural products. to achieve cost efficiency. a substantial increase in income of farmers, animal husbandry industry chain length, associated with high grass can lead livestock industry, feed industry , Veterinary Medical Device development, but also bring food, wool, leather, pharmaceutical processing and catering industries. secondary and tertiary industries. livestock competition in the domestic and foreign markets also have high relative price advantage, especially after joining WTO has higher export capacity.
the past few years, China has strongly called for the development of straw and culture, full use of crop straw, straw practiced belly, optimizing industrial structure and adjustment of livestock to reduce feed costs, improved straw environmental pollution caused by combustion. So, Han sheep breeding, and its advantages: its resources, strong adaptability to adapt to the family farming operation. it is subject to arable land, climate, geographical constraints can be transformed into less food, they can take advantage of crop straw, meal and other agricultural products, you can also use the vast grassland. reform and opening up, China's livestock industry has undergone considerable development in the rural economy and increase the role has become increasingly evident, with observation and information display, in recent years, will present an unprecedented heat sheep situation.
sheep are ruminant herbivores home build, with strong teamwork, adaptability, ease of grazing management and captive management, it developed rumen, can make full use of crop straw, hay, leaves and other coarse feed into people need meat, fur, etc., while the tail sheep in the early maturity, disease resistance and high reproduction rate, turnover is quick, the protein content of lamb higher than other meat, fat bottom end of cholesterol is the ideal meat, and meat on the domestic market has been selling well. In addition to lamb, the casing is a light fur raw material, is also an important raw material exports, sold around the world. small tail Sheep breeding a wide range of business, ordinary farmers can develop anywhere from a few to as many as several dozen, until the large-scale farming and factory farming.
present, sheep breeds, with early maturity, production of meat , reproductive rate, individual performance such as better varieties, improved varieties is one of Han sheep, so keeping the economic benefits, is still very substantial. the next few years, Han sheep farming will be the depth of a national development, the scale of farming, integrated processing, export of the gold industry. is an effective way to increase income of farmers. sheep farm
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
Death of King Leopard
If there is an animal in the world not to live while alive, it is the cheetah. Beast of ancient saber-toothed tiger, as the lineal representative, they still retain Jieao the arrogant disdain of gangs as groups of dog-like, lazy as a lion use of gang fights that way, it is his own, but also on their own, relying on windy steppe, high-speed, maneuvering in the run in the continuity of life in the chase. cheetah is unique for each head maverick, even hungry, will never go and compete for a trace of carrion vulture and debris.
However, hunger and weak forces, so that their numbers have drastically declined, as of 2003, these proud perfectionist, but the number is 15000. And the death of cheetah breeding much faster than their male leopard speed --- the survival rate of sperm in semen machine is low, each mating to let a child 50 fertilized. mother leopard is higher than the top of the eye to carefully selected their own future child's father ---- fur, posture, speed ... ... from acquaintance to take up to six months of successful mating familiar with the process, they are like seclusion in the ancient castle of an aristocrat living unknown Fine Living.
zoologists have anxiety, I could not gather speed and beauty of these creatures perish! So, South Africa, de Waal of the Cheetah Research Centre was set up --- this is the only global cheetah Institute of professional authority. precise, it is a cheetah breeding base.
Agassi Child Dev Center is the first guest, the VIP is unique because it is a pure king cheetah - - General cheetah markings on the fur is patchy, and the king cheetah and tiger patterns are the same stripe, the average in every one thousand will have a king cheetah cheetah, which is a typical the phenomenon of anti-Zu - as their ancestors is the saber-toothed tiger stripe pattern. In other words, the number of the world, but the king cheetah 15 only. Dewald center is imperative that the king cheetah continuation of this rare species. < br> However, Stewart has long been waiting for the center in Deva artificial feeding have fur that is smooth, nap in the sun all day only, the elegant little munching fresh beef prospective wives, Agassi showed great indifference. In its heart, only in the grasslands Starchaser month by month, with the wind speed access to the blood of the general moisture of the female cheetah eligible to become their own woman. zoologist who ventured to the home of a cheetah head into Jingzhuang Andre Agassi of the cage, the results for all phenomenal men can answer any passion ---- Agassi waves to go deeply moved by the mother cheetah, have all been biting black and blue, whine was huddled in a corner of the cage. The surface of such an accident, all helpless, but so will Agassi released into the wild, but also unwilling to do in mind, then, Agassi to dominate a large cage, clean living but few desires Supreme Extreme life Until the appearance of Lena.
Elena is a zoologist who has been pulled back from the dead mother cheetah online. That day, Nina had just had a quick throwing himself flying with the flying antelope, a group of hyenas speculation on around us --- this is the prairie dog robber, is the best at the cheetah's prey capture. In the face of the siege of dogs, other self-preservation has long been abandoned cheetah prey away, and may be of intense fire The Lena has not given up, in order to protect their results, and a group of dogs Feeling a leg.
because his injuries, Lena Andre Agassi was the other side alone to a separate cage. it lying still on the ground motionless. But Agassi's nose suddenly twitched a bit, it smells Lena dogs to fight him and when the taste of saliva contaminated dog --- the smell, the cheetah is only the body and have a fearless, which is a supreme pride. It slowly degrees to the long side near the Lena , it is so quietly gazed at the Lena, in the eyes of the ice began to melt little by little.
careful in their treatment of zoologists, Lena's injuries healed quickly, but it still shows all wild and strong --- attack the premise in the absence of anesthesia, and no one dared to come near its cage, another female cheetah food fresh beef as it is dismissive, only catch and eat their own catch of the living prey, the center's staff will jump only thrown into its cage antelope will eat it.
for different Elena, Andre Agassi, an increasing interest, they separated soon began to gently move the cage Mount the other side to the nose, feeling the sharp warming.
When the center finally caged together after Agassi and Elena, two lingering to cheetah together soon, they play with the same places, with the venue at the center on the broad , Benz, playing soon ... ... the good times spent half a month .... ...
morning, when Agassi woke up and had a tendency to warm around Mount body, when it touched the empty --- --- Nina disappeared last night, the staff has been quietly anesthetized them, cage them, and Nina is pregnant, but there are other female cheetah Agassi moisture and other strokes.
breeding in order to ensure the number of zoologists decided to manually check Agassi fine. soon, Agassi's semen is the center of 12 pregnant female cheetah, with Elena, a total of 13 female cheetah. But Agassi did not know what happened, still passionately devoted to waiting for the day of move reunited with Elena.
6 months later, Lena gave birth to a healthy little cheetah Anzai, stripe-like markings in the sun shine, Nina lovingly Tianshi Dr. Anzai, as in the past Agassi Tianshi himself, it is thought that his birth was Agassi unique offspring. However, with next door to the cage with their mother cheetah litter after another, Lena's heart was torn apart over and over again --- the birth of all strokes beautiful striped markings Phi small cheetah --- Center only Andre Agassi has such The genetic ability. Agassi was unfaithful?
At the same time, Agassi was this sudden panic do a loss, it suddenly did not dream themselves to become the father of many new small cheetah. it does not know Nina would like to see how such a scenario, it does not explain why its such a small cheetah, who was born with a move no doubt have their own genetic imprint.
in such a panic, the Lena finally with Dr. Anzai Andre Agassi returned to the cage alone, unable to bear their own Agassi move to suppress the ecstasy, a little sheepishly close to the Lena, Lena motionless, stare coldly Agassi strokes, as if it is a total stranger stranger.
Agassi's enthusiasm faded little by little, it knows that Elena has been completely misunderstood their own, but that he did not know how to explain this ridiculous situation. it is unhappy that low trick head, lying on the floor , no longer afraid to look at Elena look, my heart is endless grievances and depressed.
Suddenly, the ear sounded screaming --- Lena bite the neck of Anxi --- beat him on the ground desperately crystallization can not tolerate their love, but efforts to reach her husband left behind a number of beads in a dispensable, to get to be the only, or to simply do not, Agassi stunned to see the children move their screams of strokes are worrying about it biological mother to end their lives, broken in a ... ...
when a zoologist when they came, everything is late, Lena woodenly shrinking corner of the cage, eyes, is a empty and desperate, glossy fur has become dry and dark in an instant, as if only the dead body into a specimen. Agassi sobbed softly strokes, gently licking and not close off their Anxi, Anxi what about licking the body, wet, and do not know saliva or tears.
Lena harmful actions in view of the center did not dare to accept it. After being anesthetized, Lena has been released into the natural.
lost Lena A Garcia will soon lose the appearance of past heroic vitality, become decadent and haggard, and no longer take care of their own mood proud of fur, grass, soil, food residues, in the wanton wound on its coat, it is not and then to patrol their own territory majestic, and even, no longer eat.
helpless zoologist who had to go in it to anesthesia, it is also released into the Krupa grasslands, Agassi was once spirited stumble grasslands, suddenly a familiar smell myself into his nose --- is Helena. It is a camel mad rush to meet it is the body of Lena --- since withered hands to kill his own child, Lena has made no intention to live, it is starved to death, hunger strike and died!
Agassi shouts and cry, the body gently smell the Lena, and Lena --- side by side on his palms together and then no one can separate them and no one forced them to, perhaps, in heaven, they can be happy again in the clouds leisure pursuit, playing ... ...
If there is a world animals are not alive to be alive, it is that the cheetah. beast of ancient saber-toothed tiger, as the lineal representative, they still retain Jieao the arrogant disdain of gangs like the dog-like groups, such as the lion did not bother to use the gang fights way, their own will their own, but also on their own, relying on windy steppe, high-speed, maneuvering in the run in the continuity of life in the chase. cheetah is unique for each head maverick, even hungry vultures will never go and compete a trace of flesh and debris.
However, hunger and weak forces, so that their numbers have drastically declined, as of 2003, these proud perfectionist, but the number is 15000. The death rate is much higher than cheetah --- at the speed of their reproduction in the male leopard semen low sperm survival machines, each mated to a sub-50 times to fertilize. mother leopard is higher than the top of the eye to the future of their own carefully selected children's father ---- fur, posture, speed ... ... from acquaintance to take up to six months of successful mating familiar with the process, they are like seclusion in the ancient castle of the nobility lived unknown fine living.
Zoology family have anxiety, I could not gather speed and beauty of these creatures perish! So, South Africa, de Waal of the Cheetah Research Centre was set up --- this is the only professional authority of the Research Institute of the cheetah. the exact point that It is a cheetah breeding base.
Agassi Child Dev Center is the first guest, is unique in the VIP, because it is a purebred --- king cheetah markings on ordinary cheetah fur is patchy, and the king cheetah and tiger patterns are the same stripe, the average in every one thousand will have a king cheetah cheetah, which is a typical phenomenon of anti-Zu - as they is the ancestor of saber-toothed tiger stripe pattern. In other words, the number of the world, but the king cheetah 15 only. Dewald center is imperative that the king cheetah continuation of this rare species.
However, for long waiting in the Dewald artificial feeding centers have fur that is smooth, nap in the sun all day only, the elegant little munching fresh beef prospective wives, Agassi showed great indifference. in its mind, only Starchaser grassland monthly, with the wind speed access to the blood of the general moisture of the female cheetah eligible to become their own woman. zoologist who ventured to the home of a cheetah head Jingzhuang Agassi into the cage, the results for all ---- who were phenomenal men can answer the waves to go deeply moved by the passion of the mother cheetah Agassi, was beaten black and blue all been biting, whine the huddled in a corner of the cage. In the face of such an accident, everyone do nothing, but so will Agassi released into the wild, but also unwilling to do in mind, then, Agassi to dominate a large cage, clean living supreme supreme ascetic life, but until the appearance of Lena.
Lena is a zoologist who has been pulled back from the dead mother cheetah online. That day, Nina had just had a quick throwing himself flying with the flying antelope, a group of hyenas to speculation dogs around us --- The thief on the grassland, the most good is to win cheetah's prey. In the face of the siege of dogs, other self-preservation has long been abandoned cheetah prey away, and may be of intense fire in the Helena is not abandoned, In order to protect their results, and a group of dogs Since his injuries, Lena Andre Agassi was the other side alone to a separate cage. it lying still on the ground motionless. However, Agassi suddenly nose twitching a bit, it smelled a dog fight when the body and Lena the taste of saliva contamination of the dog --- the smell, and only the body and have a fearless cheetah, which is a supreme pride. It slowly degrees to the side near the Lena dragon, so quietly gazed Elena, in the eyes of the ice began to melt little by little.
careful in their treatment of zoologists, Lena's injuries healed quickly, but it all remains a strong sense of wild and attack - - In the absence of anesthesia, under the premise that no one dare to come near its cage, another female cheetah food fresh beef as it dismissed, only to eat their catch living prey capture, only the staff of the Centre antelope jump into the cage it will eat it.
for different Elena, Andre Agassi, an increasing interest, they move across the cage soon began to gently Mount each other's nose, feeling sharp warming the.
When the center finally caged together after Agassi and Elena, two lingering to cheetah together soon, they play with the same places, with a broad venue in the center, the Mercedes-Benz and play. ... .. soon had a half of enjoyment .... ...
morning, when Agassi woke up and had a tendency to warm the body around Morocco, when they touched a --- empty --- Nina disappeared last night, the staff has been quietly anesthetized them, cage them, and Nina is pregnant, but there are other female cheetah Agassi strokes and other moisture.
to ensure that the number of breeding, of Agassiz zoologists decided to manually check fine. soon, Agassi's semen is the center of 12 pregnant female cheetah, with Elena, a total of 13 female cheetah. However, Agassi did not know what happened, still passionately devoted to waiting for the day of move reunited with Elena.
6 months later, Lena gave birth to a healthy little cheetah Anxi, stripe-like markings in the the sun shine, Nina lovingly Tianshi Dr. Anzai, as in the past Agassi Tianshi himself, it is thought that his birth was Agassi unique offspring. However, next door to the cage with their mother cheetah litter after another, Lena's heart was torn apart over and over again --- the birth of all strokes beautiful striped markings Phi small cheetah --- Center only Andre Agassi has such a genetic ability. Andre Agassi on his infidelity?
At the same time, Agassi was this sudden panic do a loss, it suddenly did not dream themselves to become the father of many new small cheetah. it does not know will be Lena to see this scene how to think on its own does not explain why those who are born small cheetah move in doubt with his own genetic imprint.
in such a panic, the Lena finally back with Anxi Agassi move the cage alone, Agassi strokes himself unable to bear to suppress ecstasy, a little sheepishly close to the Lena, Lena motionless, stare coldly Agassi strokes, as if it is a unknown to strangers.
Agassi enthusiasm faded little by little, it knows that Nina has been completely misunderstood their own, but that he did not know how to explain this ridiculous situation. It is unhappy that low trick head, lying on the floor, no longer afraid to look at Lena one, and my heart is endless grievances and depressed.
Suddenly, the ear sounded screaming --- Lena bite the neck of Anxi doom beat on the ground --- he would not tolerate his love crystals, but Mahogany Pearl husband in a number of non-essential one, to get to be the only, or to simply do not, Agassi stunned to see the children move their screams of worrying about bills to be its own mother to end their lives, heartbreak into one piece ... ...
When they came, when zoologist, everything is late, Lena woodenly reduction in the corner of the cage, eyes, is an empty and desperate, glossy fur in have become dry dull moment, as if only a shell into a specimen. Agassi sobbed softly strokes, gently licking and not close off their Anxi, Anxi what about licking the body, wet, saliva, or do not know tears.
Lena harmful actions in view of the center did not dare to accept it. After being anesthetized, Lena has been released into the natural.
Lena Andre Agassi lost quickly lost its former heroic vitality appearance, become decadent and haggard, and no longer take care of their own mood proud of fur, grass, soil, food residues, in the wanton wound on its coat, it is no longer patrol their own territory majestically , and even, no longer eat.
helpless zoologist who had to go in it to anesthesia, it is also released into the Krupa grasslands, Agassi stumbled in the grasslands was high-spirited, suddenly a familiar flew into his nose --- the taste is Helena. It is a camel mad rush to meet it is the body of Lena --- since withered hands to kill his own child, Lena has made no intention to live down, it is starved to death, hunger strike and died!
Agassi shouts and cry, the body gently smell the Lena, and Lena on his palms together side by side --- one can never separate them, No one can force them again, perhaps, in heaven, they can be happy again in the clouds leisure pursuit, playing ... ...
However, hunger and weak forces, so that their numbers have drastically declined, as of 2003, these proud perfectionist, but the number is 15000. And the death of cheetah breeding much faster than their male leopard speed --- the survival rate of sperm in semen machine is low, each mating to let a child 50 fertilized. mother leopard is higher than the top of the eye to carefully selected their own future child's father ---- fur, posture, speed ... ... from acquaintance to take up to six months of successful mating familiar with the process, they are like seclusion in the ancient castle of an aristocrat living unknown Fine Living.
zoologists have anxiety, I could not gather speed and beauty of these creatures perish! So, South Africa, de Waal of the Cheetah Research Centre was set up --- this is the only global cheetah Institute of professional authority. precise, it is a cheetah breeding base.
Agassi Child Dev Center is the first guest, the VIP is unique because it is a pure king cheetah - - General cheetah markings on the fur is patchy, and the king cheetah and tiger patterns are the same stripe, the average in every one thousand will have a king cheetah cheetah, which is a typical the phenomenon of anti-Zu - as their ancestors is the saber-toothed tiger stripe pattern. In other words, the number of the world, but the king cheetah 15 only. Dewald center is imperative that the king cheetah continuation of this rare species. < br> However, Stewart has long been waiting for the center in Deva artificial feeding have fur that is smooth, nap in the sun all day only, the elegant little munching fresh beef prospective wives, Agassi showed great indifference. In its heart, only in the grasslands Starchaser month by month, with the wind speed access to the blood of the general moisture of the female cheetah eligible to become their own woman. zoologist who ventured to the home of a cheetah head into Jingzhuang Andre Agassi of the cage, the results for all phenomenal men can answer any passion ---- Agassi waves to go deeply moved by the mother cheetah, have all been biting black and blue, whine was huddled in a corner of the cage. The surface of such an accident, all helpless, but so will Agassi released into the wild, but also unwilling to do in mind, then, Agassi to dominate a large cage, clean living but few desires Supreme Extreme life Until the appearance of Lena.
Elena is a zoologist who has been pulled back from the dead mother cheetah online. That day, Nina had just had a quick throwing himself flying with the flying antelope, a group of hyenas speculation on around us --- this is the prairie dog robber, is the best at the cheetah's prey capture. In the face of the siege of dogs, other self-preservation has long been abandoned cheetah prey away, and may be of intense fire The Lena has not given up, in order to protect their results, and a group of dogs Feeling a leg.
because his injuries, Lena Andre Agassi was the other side alone to a separate cage. it lying still on the ground motionless. But Agassi's nose suddenly twitched a bit, it smells Lena dogs to fight him and when the taste of saliva contaminated dog --- the smell, the cheetah is only the body and have a fearless, which is a supreme pride. It slowly degrees to the long side near the Lena , it is so quietly gazed at the Lena, in the eyes of the ice began to melt little by little.
careful in their treatment of zoologists, Lena's injuries healed quickly, but it still shows all wild and strong --- attack the premise in the absence of anesthesia, and no one dared to come near its cage, another female cheetah food fresh beef as it is dismissive, only catch and eat their own catch of the living prey, the center's staff will jump only thrown into its cage antelope will eat it.
for different Elena, Andre Agassi, an increasing interest, they separated soon began to gently move the cage Mount the other side to the nose, feeling the sharp warming.
When the center finally caged together after Agassi and Elena, two lingering to cheetah together soon, they play with the same places, with the venue at the center on the broad , Benz, playing soon ... ... the good times spent half a month .... ...
morning, when Agassi woke up and had a tendency to warm around Mount body, when it touched the empty --- --- Nina disappeared last night, the staff has been quietly anesthetized them, cage them, and Nina is pregnant, but there are other female cheetah Agassi moisture and other strokes.
breeding in order to ensure the number of zoologists decided to manually check Agassi fine. soon, Agassi's semen is the center of 12 pregnant female cheetah, with Elena, a total of 13 female cheetah. But Agassi did not know what happened, still passionately devoted to waiting for the day of move reunited with Elena.
6 months later, Lena gave birth to a healthy little cheetah Anzai, stripe-like markings in the sun shine, Nina lovingly Tianshi Dr. Anzai, as in the past Agassi Tianshi himself, it is thought that his birth was Agassi unique offspring. However, with next door to the cage with their mother cheetah litter after another, Lena's heart was torn apart over and over again --- the birth of all strokes beautiful striped markings Phi small cheetah --- Center only Andre Agassi has such The genetic ability. Agassi was unfaithful?
At the same time, Agassi was this sudden panic do a loss, it suddenly did not dream themselves to become the father of many new small cheetah. it does not know Nina would like to see how such a scenario, it does not explain why its such a small cheetah, who was born with a move no doubt have their own genetic imprint.
in such a panic, the Lena finally with Dr. Anzai Andre Agassi returned to the cage alone, unable to bear their own Agassi move to suppress the ecstasy, a little sheepishly close to the Lena, Lena motionless, stare coldly Agassi strokes, as if it is a total stranger stranger.
Agassi's enthusiasm faded little by little, it knows that Elena has been completely misunderstood their own, but that he did not know how to explain this ridiculous situation. it is unhappy that low trick head, lying on the floor , no longer afraid to look at Elena look, my heart is endless grievances and depressed.
Suddenly, the ear sounded screaming --- Lena bite the neck of Anxi --- beat him on the ground desperately crystallization can not tolerate their love, but efforts to reach her husband left behind a number of beads in a dispensable, to get to be the only, or to simply do not, Agassi stunned to see the children move their screams of strokes are worrying about it biological mother to end their lives, broken in a ... ...
when a zoologist when they came, everything is late, Lena woodenly shrinking corner of the cage, eyes, is a empty and desperate, glossy fur has become dry and dark in an instant, as if only the dead body into a specimen. Agassi sobbed softly strokes, gently licking and not close off their Anxi, Anxi what about licking the body, wet, and do not know saliva or tears.
Lena harmful actions in view of the center did not dare to accept it. After being anesthetized, Lena has been released into the natural.
lost Lena A Garcia will soon lose the appearance of past heroic vitality, become decadent and haggard, and no longer take care of their own mood proud of fur, grass, soil, food residues, in the wanton wound on its coat, it is not and then to patrol their own territory majestic, and even, no longer eat.
helpless zoologist who had to go in it to anesthesia, it is also released into the Krupa grasslands, Agassi was once spirited stumble grasslands, suddenly a familiar smell myself into his nose --- is Helena. It is a camel mad rush to meet it is the body of Lena --- since withered hands to kill his own child, Lena has made no intention to live, it is starved to death, hunger strike and died!
Agassi shouts and cry, the body gently smell the Lena, and Lena --- side by side on his palms together and then no one can separate them and no one forced them to, perhaps, in heaven, they can be happy again in the clouds leisure pursuit, playing ... ...
If there is a world animals are not alive to be alive, it is that the cheetah. beast of ancient saber-toothed tiger, as the lineal representative, they still retain Jieao the arrogant disdain of gangs like the dog-like groups, such as the lion did not bother to use the gang fights way, their own will their own, but also on their own, relying on windy steppe, high-speed, maneuvering in the run in the continuity of life in the chase. cheetah is unique for each head maverick, even hungry vultures will never go and compete a trace of flesh and debris.
However, hunger and weak forces, so that their numbers have drastically declined, as of 2003, these proud perfectionist, but the number is 15000. The death rate is much higher than cheetah --- at the speed of their reproduction in the male leopard semen low sperm survival machines, each mated to a sub-50 times to fertilize. mother leopard is higher than the top of the eye to the future of their own carefully selected children's father ---- fur, posture, speed ... ... from acquaintance to take up to six months of successful mating familiar with the process, they are like seclusion in the ancient castle of the nobility lived unknown fine living.
Zoology family have anxiety, I could not gather speed and beauty of these creatures perish! So, South Africa, de Waal of the Cheetah Research Centre was set up --- this is the only professional authority of the Research Institute of the cheetah. the exact point that It is a cheetah breeding base.
Agassi Child Dev Center is the first guest, is unique in the VIP, because it is a purebred --- king cheetah markings on ordinary cheetah fur is patchy, and the king cheetah and tiger patterns are the same stripe, the average in every one thousand will have a king cheetah cheetah, which is a typical phenomenon of anti-Zu - as they is the ancestor of saber-toothed tiger stripe pattern. In other words, the number of the world, but the king cheetah 15 only. Dewald center is imperative that the king cheetah continuation of this rare species.
However, for long waiting in the Dewald artificial feeding centers have fur that is smooth, nap in the sun all day only, the elegant little munching fresh beef prospective wives, Agassi showed great indifference. in its mind, only Starchaser grassland monthly, with the wind speed access to the blood of the general moisture of the female cheetah eligible to become their own woman. zoologist who ventured to the home of a cheetah head Jingzhuang Agassi into the cage, the results for all ---- who were phenomenal men can answer the waves to go deeply moved by the passion of the mother cheetah Agassi, was beaten black and blue all been biting, whine the huddled in a corner of the cage. In the face of such an accident, everyone do nothing, but so will Agassi released into the wild, but also unwilling to do in mind, then, Agassi to dominate a large cage, clean living supreme supreme ascetic life, but until the appearance of Lena.
Lena is a zoologist who has been pulled back from the dead mother cheetah online. That day, Nina had just had a quick throwing himself flying with the flying antelope, a group of hyenas to speculation dogs around us --- The thief on the grassland, the most good is to win cheetah's prey. In the face of the siege of dogs, other self-preservation has long been abandoned cheetah prey away, and may be of intense fire in the Helena is not abandoned, In order to protect their results, and a group of dogs Since his injuries, Lena Andre Agassi was the other side alone to a separate cage. it lying still on the ground motionless. However, Agassi suddenly nose twitching a bit, it smelled a dog fight when the body and Lena the taste of saliva contamination of the dog --- the smell, and only the body and have a fearless cheetah, which is a supreme pride. It slowly degrees to the side near the Lena dragon, so quietly gazed Elena, in the eyes of the ice began to melt little by little.
careful in their treatment of zoologists, Lena's injuries healed quickly, but it all remains a strong sense of wild and attack - - In the absence of anesthesia, under the premise that no one dare to come near its cage, another female cheetah food fresh beef as it dismissed, only to eat their catch living prey capture, only the staff of the Centre antelope jump into the cage it will eat it.
for different Elena, Andre Agassi, an increasing interest, they move across the cage soon began to gently Mount each other's nose, feeling sharp warming the.
When the center finally caged together after Agassi and Elena, two lingering to cheetah together soon, they play with the same places, with a broad venue in the center, the Mercedes-Benz and play. ... .. soon had a half of enjoyment .... ...
morning, when Agassi woke up and had a tendency to warm the body around Morocco, when they touched a --- empty --- Nina disappeared last night, the staff has been quietly anesthetized them, cage them, and Nina is pregnant, but there are other female cheetah Agassi strokes and other moisture.
to ensure that the number of breeding, of Agassiz zoologists decided to manually check fine. soon, Agassi's semen is the center of 12 pregnant female cheetah, with Elena, a total of 13 female cheetah. However, Agassi did not know what happened, still passionately devoted to waiting for the day of move reunited with Elena.
6 months later, Lena gave birth to a healthy little cheetah Anxi, stripe-like markings in the the sun shine, Nina lovingly Tianshi Dr. Anzai, as in the past Agassi Tianshi himself, it is thought that his birth was Agassi unique offspring. However, next door to the cage with their mother cheetah litter after another, Lena's heart was torn apart over and over again --- the birth of all strokes beautiful striped markings Phi small cheetah --- Center only Andre Agassi has such a genetic ability. Andre Agassi on his infidelity?
At the same time, Agassi was this sudden panic do a loss, it suddenly did not dream themselves to become the father of many new small cheetah. it does not know will be Lena to see this scene how to think on its own does not explain why those who are born small cheetah move in doubt with his own genetic imprint.
in such a panic, the Lena finally back with Anxi Agassi move the cage alone, Agassi strokes himself unable to bear to suppress ecstasy, a little sheepishly close to the Lena, Lena motionless, stare coldly Agassi strokes, as if it is a unknown to strangers.
Agassi enthusiasm faded little by little, it knows that Nina has been completely misunderstood their own, but that he did not know how to explain this ridiculous situation. It is unhappy that low trick head, lying on the floor, no longer afraid to look at Lena one, and my heart is endless grievances and depressed.
Suddenly, the ear sounded screaming --- Lena bite the neck of Anxi doom beat on the ground --- he would not tolerate his love crystals, but Mahogany Pearl husband in a number of non-essential one, to get to be the only, or to simply do not, Agassi stunned to see the children move their screams of worrying about bills to be its own mother to end their lives, heartbreak into one piece ... ...
When they came, when zoologist, everything is late, Lena woodenly reduction in the corner of the cage, eyes, is an empty and desperate, glossy fur in have become dry dull moment, as if only a shell into a specimen. Agassi sobbed softly strokes, gently licking and not close off their Anxi, Anxi what about licking the body, wet, saliva, or do not know tears.
Lena harmful actions in view of the center did not dare to accept it. After being anesthetized, Lena has been released into the natural.
Lena Andre Agassi lost quickly lost its former heroic vitality appearance, become decadent and haggard, and no longer take care of their own mood proud of fur, grass, soil, food residues, in the wanton wound on its coat, it is no longer patrol their own territory majestically , and even, no longer eat.
helpless zoologist who had to go in it to anesthesia, it is also released into the Krupa grasslands, Agassi stumbled in the grasslands was high-spirited, suddenly a familiar flew into his nose --- the taste is Helena. It is a camel mad rush to meet it is the body of Lena --- since withered hands to kill his own child, Lena has made no intention to live down, it is starved to death, hunger strike and died!
Agassi shouts and cry, the body gently smell the Lena, and Lena on his palms together side by side --- one can never separate them, No one can force them again, perhaps, in heaven, they can be happy again in the clouds leisure pursuit, playing ... ...
Monday, December 27, 2010
Former coach, now the opponent (Figure)
Pia took the U.S. team came to Guangzhou, I heard that she led in our training ground today, running, I miss her, and now we have not met. Although she is the head coach of the U.S. team to China and our identity game, but still a kind of intimacy with her. hope she can have fun again, back to China! Yes, I heard Hai Linna also go to the U.S. when the fitness coach, Oh this time can see it! This is the World Cup Grandma and her photo of two very familiar feeling, as if in front!
Sunday, December 26, 2010
Twin Cities than in Shanghai and Hong Kong and
The source said, according to the central decision, Shanghai will become the true internationalization of the RMB business in the industry. The assessment agency in Hong Kong March 28 / Xinhua Central Committee decided in 2022 to build Shanghai into an international financial center, it is learned that the State Council soon will be announced by the Hong Kong and Shanghai as the pilot of RMB trading settlement. Government sources, repositioned in Shanghai, Hong Kong, RMB can not be exclusive or issue bonds, and other services. close to the central government sources also pointed out that Shanghai's economic growth to ensure that will be in the financial, shipping and the construction of Disneyland and other policies to support. Chief Executive Donald Tsang yesterday admitted that Hong Kong and Shanghai will be competitors, but he is confident Hong Kong will be the Asia Pacific time zone the most powerful international financial center.
Sing Tao Daily reported, Mr Donald Tsang, at the beginning of the NPC and CPPCC sessions, the first to reveal the central implementation of the RMB trading settlement in Hong Kong as a pilot. the policy is now awaiting the approval of the State Council, is expected to soon be in place. But there is news revealed that the central government approved the trade settlement in RMB in Hong Kong will also approve the RMB trading settlement of Shanghai. A source close to the central government is explained, the State Council had earlier announced that the Yangtze River Delta in Guangdong and Hong Kong and Macao, Guangxi and Yunnan trade in goods with ASEAN the RMB settlement of the pilot.
Therefore, the RMB settlement of trade policy and the recent Shanghai into an international financial center, the decision has nothing to do.
sources said the decision of the Central and Shanghai are truly a internationalization of RMB business in the industry. He explained that the central government will build Shanghai into an international financial center and shipping center, Shanghai, as China's economic development because of the engine, there is a need beefing up its rapid economic development, contribute to the national economy, the central policy will be given full support, including Disneyland, will be approved soon, he believes Hong Kong people for the central policy in this regard the tilt, to be prepared.
Shanghai is gearing up to face development of an international financial center, business, Chief Executive Donald Tsang yesterday admitted that Hong Kong and Shanghai in the future will be a rival, as Hong Kong is now faced with Tokyo, Seoul, Singapore, the competition as become the Asian time zone of the most important international financial center. time zone, places London as the Western European market is the most important financial centers.
him that We want to know that Hong Kong must maintain the best for the Asian time zone, the most important financial center, non-stop efforts to this end. The Government welcomes the development of Shanghai as an international financial center, but he believed that Hong Kong's legal system by virtue of their years to establish the scale and financial center, Hong Kong is not afraid to face all-round and multi-faceted competition, financial services should welcome the development of Shanghai.
He added that the RMB freely convertible one day and become an important international currency, the renminbi in Hong Kong trade settlement is awaiting the good news, Hong Kong is a good thing, is a good thing in Shanghai, Hong Kong will continue to strengthen its own advantages to develop an international financial center and many other businesses. Center, the Central Government also encourages complementary strengths in different areas and strategic cooperation. The Council considers that this is a positive development, and create a win-win situation.
the Government intends to strengthen the financial security challenges facing the central decision twenty-two
years will build Shanghai into an international financial center in Hong Kong political and business caused by shock, fear that Hong Kong's international financial center can not be maintained. Chief Executive Donald Tsang set the tone for the event yesterday for the first time, that are not afraid of competition, and Shanghai, and as competition for Hong Kong's ; Hong Kong common law system, and other major international financial center similar to the rule of law; and freedom of information in Hong Kong, a simple and low tax regime is also an important advantage. coupled with hardware and software in the financial well beyond the construction of Shanghai Hong Kong can certainly compete. unless the protection of Shanghai by the national policy, but if so, the two sides is not up to compete in the real basis.
suck foreign investment conditions in Hong Kong dominated
, of course, the Government determined to Shanghai competition, but that is not to Tokyo, Seoul, Singapore, these cities also are positioned as a financial center, but in terms of attracting foreign investment and internationalization, the Government that Hong Kong was more with the conditions of New York and London. The Hong Kong and Shanghai than in competition with each other, but also appropriate division of labor can be, for example, on the issue of Mainland enterprises, to attract foreign investment, can choose Hong Kong, Hong Kong; absorb yuan, you can choose Shanghai.
increase efficiency, but the mainland confidence
the Government level also understand that the central government for financial security concerns, it may hinder the liberalization of the financial market in the Mainland to Hong Kong. To this end, the Government will review the entire financial market in the next decade, building a more efficient High is also more secure financial market, Financial Services and the Treasury, together with the HKMA, SFC, HKEx, the Commissioner of Insurance to study these issues in order to enhance confidence in the Mainland to Hong Kong.
While the bow tie that are not afraid of competition, and Shanghai, but the HSBC Asia Pacific business strategy and economic consultancy, said Leung, Hong Kong's advantages are gradually disappearing, can not miss the opportunity to hope that Hong Kong should actively develop renminbi business as soon as possible, so that the more the better storage capacity of the renminbi, and allowing Hong Kong banks to the development of renminbi business in China, or the ;
Shanghai official think tank predicted decade convertible
scheduled for 2022 to the Central Shanghai into an international financial center and shipping center, Shanghai, the think-tank said that over the next decade, will use the Shanghai center to promote the internationalization of RMB, RMB freely convertible in a decade opportunity to achieve up to �˳�.
Eighty
central promote opportunities for Fudan University in Shanghai Zhang Jun, director of China Center for Economic Research interview yesterday, said that the central to Shanghai as dominated international monetary system began to reflect, or even to reform, the Chinese at this time to promote the internationalization of RMB is also planning to move in this direction, I hope to play a greater role in the global yuan.
as an important think tank, the official Shanghai, Zhang is not considered Hong Kong and Shanghai in the future in direct competition, each division of the two financial center, Shanghai to build a and other financial products and services.
Zhang: Two Financial Center to do the
Zhang stressed that the two centers each doing their own, Hong Kong is already Asia-Pacific financial center, this position has not changed, Shanghai in the policies and regulations , personnel training, financial innovation, etc., should learn from Hong Kong, for Hong Kong's support.
Shanghai international financial center, the core meaning is to bring together the world have settled in RMB in Shanghai, Zhang said that over the next decade the key to the yuan to the world, Shanghai will play an important role, Yang Jianwen, director of media interviews, said close to the mainland, the Shanghai content, one offshore financial business, and second, the RMB clearing business.
It is reported that Shanghai building the Reform Commission. Last November, the financial crisis, Premier Wen Jiabao visited Shanghai, the relevant comments made reply, and set up a coordination group to discuss the various ministries.
yuan central extension by Shanghai
no one has challenged the international status Shanghai's financial center. According to the prestigious high-rise, said Bank of Shanghai, Shanghai Party Secretary Yu Zhen sound since he took office, to promote the most important task is to build Shanghai into an international financial center, vision, and upgraded as a national strategy for the country policies to accelerate the pace of cooperation.
image of mainland experts have to say: said that Shanghai has long been a way of thinking, but just where in the call does not work, the height of the State Council to promote this, a completely different meaning, that is, join forces for national and local.
depreciation of the dollar was unwilling ; kidnapping , confirmed in 2022, and China will be basically completed Shanghai economic strength and international status of the renminbi in international financial centers to adapt.
It took part in the drafting of the said that the depreciation of the dollar can not be reconciled by central objective behind the national strategic plan contains all the power required by the state to promote the realization of Shanghai's size and breadth of financial markets also has a unique advantage.
Shanghai financial news, international trade settlement for the introduction of the RMB, the first in Shanghai to Central first put forward by the occasion in the central yet Pi Fu, Hong Kong has made the same appeal to Beijing. Beijing decision-makers take into account the greater openness of our economy, hit by the global financial crisis, greater support is now more necessary, therefore, Hong Kong ; first picked the peach. how much traffic, the number of demand.
Sing Tao Daily reported, Mr Donald Tsang, at the beginning of the NPC and CPPCC sessions, the first to reveal the central implementation of the RMB trading settlement in Hong Kong as a pilot. the policy is now awaiting the approval of the State Council, is expected to soon be in place. But there is news revealed that the central government approved the trade settlement in RMB in Hong Kong will also approve the RMB trading settlement of Shanghai. A source close to the central government is explained, the State Council had earlier announced that the Yangtze River Delta in Guangdong and Hong Kong and Macao, Guangxi and Yunnan trade in goods with ASEAN the RMB settlement of the pilot.
Therefore, the RMB settlement of trade policy and the recent Shanghai into an international financial center, the decision has nothing to do.
sources said the decision of the Central and Shanghai are truly a internationalization of RMB business in the industry. He explained that the central government will build Shanghai into an international financial center and shipping center, Shanghai, as China's economic development because of the engine, there is a need beefing up its rapid economic development, contribute to the national economy, the central policy will be given full support, including Disneyland, will be approved soon, he believes Hong Kong people for the central policy in this regard the tilt, to be prepared.
Shanghai is gearing up to face development of an international financial center, business, Chief Executive Donald Tsang yesterday admitted that Hong Kong and Shanghai in the future will be a rival, as Hong Kong is now faced with Tokyo, Seoul, Singapore, the competition as become the Asian time zone of the most important international financial center. time zone, places London as the Western European market is the most important financial centers.
him that We want to know that Hong Kong must maintain the best for the Asian time zone, the most important financial center, non-stop efforts to this end. The Government welcomes the development of Shanghai as an international financial center, but he believed that Hong Kong's legal system by virtue of their years to establish the scale and financial center, Hong Kong is not afraid to face all-round and multi-faceted competition, financial services should welcome the development of Shanghai.
He added that the RMB freely convertible one day and become an important international currency, the renminbi in Hong Kong trade settlement is awaiting the good news, Hong Kong is a good thing, is a good thing in Shanghai, Hong Kong will continue to strengthen its own advantages to develop an international financial center and many other businesses. Center, the Central Government also encourages complementary strengths in different areas and strategic cooperation. The Council considers that this is a positive development, and create a win-win situation.
the Government intends to strengthen the financial security challenges facing the central decision twenty-two
years will build Shanghai into an international financial center in Hong Kong political and business caused by shock, fear that Hong Kong's international financial center can not be maintained. Chief Executive Donald Tsang set the tone for the event yesterday for the first time, that are not afraid of competition, and Shanghai, and as competition for Hong Kong's ; Hong Kong common law system, and other major international financial center similar to the rule of law; and freedom of information in Hong Kong, a simple and low tax regime is also an important advantage. coupled with hardware and software in the financial well beyond the construction of Shanghai Hong Kong can certainly compete. unless the protection of Shanghai by the national policy, but if so, the two sides is not up to compete in the real basis.
suck foreign investment conditions in Hong Kong dominated
, of course, the Government determined to Shanghai competition, but that is not to Tokyo, Seoul, Singapore, these cities also are positioned as a financial center, but in terms of attracting foreign investment and internationalization, the Government that Hong Kong was more with the conditions of New York and London. The Hong Kong and Shanghai than in competition with each other, but also appropriate division of labor can be, for example, on the issue of Mainland enterprises, to attract foreign investment, can choose Hong Kong, Hong Kong; absorb yuan, you can choose Shanghai.
increase efficiency, but the mainland confidence
the Government level also understand that the central government for financial security concerns, it may hinder the liberalization of the financial market in the Mainland to Hong Kong. To this end, the Government will review the entire financial market in the next decade, building a more efficient High is also more secure financial market, Financial Services and the Treasury, together with the HKMA, SFC, HKEx, the Commissioner of Insurance to study these issues in order to enhance confidence in the Mainland to Hong Kong.
While the bow tie that are not afraid of competition, and Shanghai, but the HSBC Asia Pacific business strategy and economic consultancy, said Leung, Hong Kong's advantages are gradually disappearing, can not miss the opportunity to hope that Hong Kong should actively develop renminbi business as soon as possible, so that the more the better storage capacity of the renminbi, and allowing Hong Kong banks to the development of renminbi business in China, or the ;
Shanghai official think tank predicted decade convertible
scheduled for 2022 to the Central Shanghai into an international financial center and shipping center, Shanghai, the think-tank said that over the next decade, will use the Shanghai center to promote the internationalization of RMB, RMB freely convertible in a decade opportunity to achieve up to �˳�.
Eighty
central promote opportunities for Fudan University in Shanghai Zhang Jun, director of China Center for Economic Research interview yesterday, said that the central to Shanghai as dominated international monetary system began to reflect, or even to reform, the Chinese at this time to promote the internationalization of RMB is also planning to move in this direction, I hope to play a greater role in the global yuan.
as an important think tank, the official Shanghai, Zhang is not considered Hong Kong and Shanghai in the future in direct competition, each division of the two financial center, Shanghai to build a and other financial products and services.
Zhang: Two Financial Center to do the
Zhang stressed that the two centers each doing their own, Hong Kong is already Asia-Pacific financial center, this position has not changed, Shanghai in the policies and regulations , personnel training, financial innovation, etc., should learn from Hong Kong, for Hong Kong's support.
Shanghai international financial center, the core meaning is to bring together the world have settled in RMB in Shanghai, Zhang said that over the next decade the key to the yuan to the world, Shanghai will play an important role, Yang Jianwen, director of media interviews, said close to the mainland, the Shanghai content, one offshore financial business, and second, the RMB clearing business.
It is reported that Shanghai building the Reform Commission. Last November, the financial crisis, Premier Wen Jiabao visited Shanghai, the relevant comments made reply, and set up a coordination group to discuss the various ministries.
yuan central extension by Shanghai
no one has challenged the international status Shanghai's financial center. According to the prestigious high-rise, said Bank of Shanghai, Shanghai Party Secretary Yu Zhen sound since he took office, to promote the most important task is to build Shanghai into an international financial center, vision, and upgraded as a national strategy for the country policies to accelerate the pace of cooperation.
image of mainland experts have to say: said that Shanghai has long been a way of thinking, but just where in the call does not work, the height of the State Council to promote this, a completely different meaning, that is, join forces for national and local.
depreciation of the dollar was unwilling ; kidnapping , confirmed in 2022, and China will be basically completed Shanghai economic strength and international status of the renminbi in international financial centers to adapt.
It took part in the drafting of the said that the depreciation of the dollar can not be reconciled by central objective behind the national strategic plan contains all the power required by the state to promote the realization of Shanghai's size and breadth of financial markets also has a unique advantage.
Shanghai financial news, international trade settlement for the introduction of the RMB, the first in Shanghai to Central first put forward by the occasion in the central yet Pi Fu, Hong Kong has made the same appeal to Beijing. Beijing decision-makers take into account the greater openness of our economy, hit by the global financial crisis, greater support is now more necessary, therefore, Hong Kong ; first picked the peach. how much traffic, the number of demand.
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
People should not be issued
Nobel Peace Prize be announced in the October 10, constant reports in recent days the European media, news that China's human rights activist will be awarded. Beijing this, has twice publicly expressed dissatisfaction.
Present Nobel Peace the highest award of three voices, are China's human rights activist Hu / good and human rights lawyer Gao / Chi / Sheng, and Russia's Youssou Simone de Beauvoir. And these two are Chinese human rights activists have been the Chinese government to power crime people for world peace and scientific and technological progress and common development of mankind has made important contributions, received the award. There are some comments of Nobel Prize selection against the original intention of Mr. Nobel Prize, awarded to people who should not be issued. hope, on Friday awarded the Nobel Peace Prize should be given to what he calls Reviews on the award against the original intention of Mr. Nobel Prize, awarded to people who should not be issued.
As for the HU / Kai, his subversion of state of five articles, we have preserved the computer. etc. Tomorrow 17:00 pm, 2008 Peace Prize was enacted, we come to learn about good to see people he should not be issued.
as follows:
previous Nobel Peace Prize winner (1901 mmm2007 years)
1901 ��
Frederick. Passy (FrederPassy)
Joan. Henry. Dunant (JeanH.Dunant) Swiss
Passy is the world's first international peace organization mm international coalition for peace and co-founder of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded him the first parliamentary Nobel Peace prize, is to create both in recognition of his struggle for world peace efforts by organizations, as well as the cause of peace by his personal have made outstanding contributions.
1902 ��
Ellis. Dike gate (ElieDucommu) Swiss (1833-1906)
Xiaer Lai. Albert. Ge Bate (CharlesA.Gobat) Swiss (1843 -1914)
In O years December 10, the Norwegian Parliament's Nobel Peace Prize Committee to award the year Ellie. side doors and Charles Branch paddle. Albert. Ge Bate two Swiss. Ellis. Side Branch door is the International Peace Bureau Secretary, Mikhail national parliaments and the tie to be the Secretary. Nobel committee pointed out in prize money: give them both peace prize, not only to honor the peace They contribution to the cause, but also in recognition of International Peace Bureau, and the work of national parliaments and the tie.
Xiaer Lai. Albert. Ge Bate (CharlesA.Gobat) Swiss (1843-1914), Dr. Ge Bate is the Swiss law and politician, served as Chairman of the Federation Council, the International Parliamentary Union General Assembly President, the Secretary for International Peace Bureau, received the Nobel Peace Prize two years mid-O.
1903 ��
William. Randall. Creamer ( WilliamRandalCremer) British (1828-1908)
In three years of the Nobel Peace Prize O Peace Prize is a dedication to international peace movement, strongly advocated settlement of international disputes by international arbitration received by people. Creamer as a promise Nobel Peace prize winner, mainly contributed in two ways, first, the establishment of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, the arbitration of international disputes and the promotion of international peace and sports; First, the leadership of the British Association for the labor movement and the international aspects of the workers.
1904 Institute of International Law (INSTITUTEOFINTERNATIONALLAW)
Institute of International Law is the 1873 Ghent, Belgium set up headquarters in the Netherlands. Institute of International Law is not an official organization, is not it is a private The association, whose purpose is to safeguard and promote the development of international law. Nobel Foundation said: awarded the International Law Institute.
1905 ��
Bertha. Fulairulao. von. Suttner board (BerthaFreifrauVonSuttner) Austrian (1843-1914)
Bertha. Fulairulao. von . Suttner is a famous Austrian writer, a representative of bourgeois peace movement. in mid-O won the Nobel Peace Prize five years, was the first woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. is a safeguard world peace, against war great fighter, awarded her the Nobel Peace Prize is to achieve the Nobel's own wishes, she is also a well-deserved.
1906 ��
Theodore. Roosevelt (TheodoreRoosevelt) American (1858-1919)
Theodore. Roosevelt was the twenty-sixth U.S. President, Republican, October 27, 1858 Born in New York City, a wealthy merchant family. Roosevelt is the most influential in American history and the most controversial presidents. l he advertised himself on behalf of all the American people more to improve his reputation. History shows that one in U.S. history Rawlston there as president, some of the policies he pursued in the United States played a progressive role in history. but can not see him since it is representative of the ruling class Its starting point is to maintain only the interests of monopoly capital, particularly foreign policy pursued by his Ennaisituo. Diaoduoluo. Moneta (ErnestoTeodoroMoneta) Italian (1833-1918)
Louis. Lenore (LouisRenault) French (1843-1918)
do not tolerate abuse, he naturally powerful than the wisdom Warrior. Of course he can award, mainly because he was as a journalist and political commentator and hosted the peace on the meaning of an influential newspaper.
he was known as The only authority between the umpire. May 21, 1843, Louis. Lenore was born in France in a small city of the Olympic buildings intellectual family.
1908 ��
��ŵ����� < br> Frederick. Beye (FredrikBajer) Danish 1838-1922
October 27, 1844, ��ŵ����� was born in Gothenburg. It is precisely because ��ŵ����� advocated a peaceful understanding The Swiss Union was dissolved, he has gained a mid-O eight Nobel Peace Prize. He hoped that countries set up an association in the association, the dispute can only be resolved by voting, not to give up the sovereignty of a country. < br> In winning eight Frederick O. Beye famous Danish pacifist and writer, and politician. April 21, 1837, he was born in the Danish West Egg de. Pui feminist movement that was the main supporter of the Danish one. in 1871, he helped set up a equality. He supported the Council in legal form to be fixed the rights of women. Beye life love peace and oppose war. He is a left-wing Liberals, but he does not like the party's discipline. a few engaged in international peace and neutrality of Denmark, Scandinavia Scandinavian unity and women's rights and education of people, Pui support staff are that they are his comrades. Beye in the world to honor outstanding contributions to the peace movement in the Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to parliament In O Peace Prize was awarded to him for eight years and ��ŵ�����.
1909 ��
August, carbon (PaulH.BEstorunellesdeConstant), France (1852-1924)
Augustus Chairman of the Committee. by the mid-O nine Nobel Peace prize. Although the cause of international peace Bernard who did not make any outstanding contributions, but he made for the cause, after all, many efforts have had some effect, also enjoy consultation and therefore a certain sound, O In nine years, when in his eighties, the French statesman Paul Bell Nat. Dekang Stan shared the Nobel Peace prize, then the year.
In nine O Nobel peace prize winner is a two radically different characters. They not only as a means of achieving peace should take the attitude who do not ask, even in the fight for peace itself, opinions vary. The two men, one bit is the free radical fanatical belonged to another extreme conservative.
1910 ��
International Peace Bureau (InternationalPeaceButreau)
International Peace Bureau is a non-governmental nature of the world peace organization, as in the maintenance of world peace and promoting international cooperation in the significant achievements, was awarded the 1910 Nobel Peace Prize.
1911 ��
A Saier TobiasM.C.Asser the Dutch (1838-1913)
Alfredo de. Hermann (AlfredHermannFried) Austrian (1864-1921)
A Saier life for the research and development of law and upholding the rule of law have made unremitting struggle for the maintenance of human progress and dignity, but also for peace in the world an outstanding contribution. Although he has left the earth, but his spirit is always worth Zhifarushan people in the world to follow. A Saier Another major contribution was to create an international court, which he compared the long-term research of international law results.
Alfred. Herman is well-known Austrian journalist, life in publishing and journalism. his publishing and journalism as a weapon to fight actively for the cause of peace. Because of his being made in the peace movement contributions, he and Dutch jurists A Saier share the 1911 Nobel Peace Prize.
1912 ��
Elihu. Root (ElihuRoot) American (1845-1937) < br> Elihu. Beirut, is a famous American lawyer and prominent politician, is the 1912 Nobel Peace prize winner. February 15, 1845, Rutter was born in New York grams Lin Lai's an intellectual family.
1913 ��
Henry. Lafontaine (HenriLaFontain) Belgian (1854-1943)
Henry. Lafontaine was a famous jurist in Belgium. He has been served as Secretary for International Peace Bureau, which lasted thirty six years. He is also in the International Parliamentary Union, an outstanding member. early youth, he actively participated in peace movements. in opposition to the war, the struggle for world peace, He was a brave fighter. in his life, he made a considerable contribution to the cause of peace, and enjoy high international prestige. Some Westerners call him He made the cause of peace efforts, he won the 1913 Nobel Peace Prize.
1914 - 1916
the empty 1917 International Committee of the Red Cross (InternationalRedCrossCommittee) (respectively, one thousand nine hundred and seventeen, a nine hundred forty-four, 1963 Nobel Peace Prize three times.)
The organization was founded in 1883 in Geneva had. by the Geneva Conventions and many formal recognition of the International Red Cross Conference, is an independent body , has its own constitution.
1918 Thomas the empty
1919. Woodrow. Wilson (ThomasWoodrowWilson) American (1856-1924)
Wilson after the twenty-eighth President of the United States. the year fifty Born in December 28 years, Virginia's Staunton city, most of Scottish ancestry ancestors.
1920 ��
Leon. Bourget W (LeonBourgeois) French (1851-1925) < br> Leon. Bourget tile is a famous French statesman, international activists and lawyers. Since he founded the League (the League of Nations) done a lot of good work, thereby gaining one hundred ninety-two O Nobel Peace prize. < br> 1921 ��
Carl. Armagh. Branting (CarlHjalmarBranting) Swedish (1860-1925)
Kerbey Christian. Louis. Lange (ChristianLouisLange) Norwegian (1869-1938)
Carl. Armagh. Branting (CarlHjalmarBranting) Swedish (1860-1925) Carl. Armagh. Branting is a Swedish Social Democratic Labour Party
be one of the founders, the famous social activist, has Sweden, > Kerbey Christian. Louis. Lange is Norway's historian, diplomat, Nobel Committee, Norwegian Parliament was the first secretary. He served as Secretary-General of the International Parliamentary Union, up to twenty-four years (nine years for a mid-O 1923). In the meantime, his long residence in Geneva, in a large number of busy international work for peace and made great contributions to the cause. To this end, he shared the Swedish politicians Branting one thousand nine hundred twenty-one Nobel Peace prize.
1922 ��
������Լ��. Nansen (FridtjofNansen) Norwegian (1861-1930)
is the famous Norwegian explorer, oceanographer, and statesman . is the pioneer of international refugee affairs. regardless of his life in the Arctic expedition, or to save the refugees have made outstanding contributions to the world by the praise. To this end, he was in 1922 awarded the Nobel Peace prize. He is a Nobel Peace Prize winner of the most famous legendary person.
1923 - 1924 the empty.
1925 ��
Charlie soil. G?tz. Road into Sri Lanka (CharlesGatesDawes) American (1865 - 1951)
Austin. Chamberlain (AustenChamberlain) British (1863-1937)
in the West, whether historians or politicians, either in literature or general enthusiasts who care about politics in their memories, there are such a prestigious figure - Charlie soil. G?tz. Road into Sri Lanka. Dawes reason very famous, not only because he was vice president of the United States, a monopoly of the bourgeoisie economists, but mainly because he presided over the formulation of the . Austin. Chamberlain was the British bourgeois politicians, conservatives. October 16, 1863 was born in Birmingham. he was born in a family, to Egypt in early December Rigby Public School and Trinity College, Cambridge, Later, studying in Berlin and Paris. In O In O three to five years, the Financial great doctor, trying to implement his father Joseph. Chamberlain's tariff policy advocates, seeking to strengthen control of the economic dominion of the British Empire, tariff policy to promote conservation , the implementation of Imperial Preference.
1926 ��
Aristide. Briand (AristideBriand) French (1862-1932)
Gustav. Stresemann (GustavStresemann) Germany (1878-1920)
Aristide. Briand is a famous French bourgeois politicians and social activists. because of his promise in the signing of the Convention Los edge played an important role in the process, thereby gaining one thousand nine hundred twenty-six Nobel Peace Prize.
Gustav. Stresemann famous German bourgeois politicians and diplomats, and former Foreign Minister of Germany once phase. World War I, he introduced Germany and its particularly in France before the war with the reconciliation policy. in 1926 won the Nobel Peace prize.
1927 ��
Ferdinand. Edward. Buisson (FerdinanEdouardBujsson) French (1841-1932)
Ludwig. Kewei De (LudwigQuidde) German (1858-1941)
Ferdinand. Edward. Buisson (FerdinanEdouardBujsson) French (1841-1932) Ferdinand. Edward. Buisson France well-known progressive educator and statesman. Because of his 1866 creation of the International League for Peace and Freedom, established in 1898 made an important contribution to the Human Rights League; in his later years to ease a lot of work and the Franco-German relations the establishment of free education in France played an important role, when the eighty-year-old senior when he won the 1927 Nobel Peace prize winner of the Nobel Peace Prize middle-aged people who matter most.
Luther Vichy. Kewei De-known German historian and politician. in 1927, when nearly seventy years of age when he won the Nobel Peace prize. with his share of the annual bonus along with the famous French Education Ferdinand home. Edward. than loose. then some of the newspapers commented that the Norwegian Parliament to award the peace prize that two people, is to emphasize the so-called Germany, France and its former belligerents, especially the spirit of relaxation of tension.
1928 Frank the empty
1929. B. Kellogg (Frank.B.Kellogg) American
Frank. B. Kellogg is a famous American lawyer and diplomat, December 22, 1856 Born in Boston, New York. Since the conclusion of his nine countries in the initiative of the contribution of non-war pact, in 1929 he received the promise off Nobel Peace prize.
1930 ��
Nat Han. Third Kolb Roma (NathanSoderblom) Swedish (1866-1931)
Nat Han. Third Kolb Roma is well-known theologian, Sweden, Religion is also a famous historian. his life in the cause of religion, and actively promote national unity of Christ and always strive for world peace, so nineteen thirty O was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. his activities in the twenty- century education worldwide Christian movement with great impact. Third Kolb Roma is the first religious person to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
1931 ��
Nicholas. Murray. Butler (NicholasMurrayButler) Americans (1862-1947)
Jenny. Adams (JaneAddams) American (1860-1935)
Nicholas. Murray. Butler is an American educator and political leader, served as seventh president of the adviser. He Fifteen foreign government has received medals and thirty-seven honorary degree colleges and universities in more than fifty well-known within the Society and served more than twenty clubs, including the U.S. branch of the International Arbitration Committee, chaired for many years, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Award Foundation under the chairmanship over two decades. Because Butler is against the war and promoting world peace for a long effort, he won the 1931 Nobel Peace prize.
Jenny . Adams is a social reformist and pacifist. She and the United States Nicholas. Murray. Butler is the 1931 co-winner of the Nobel Peace prize. Jenny. Adams Hull House Association, as the Chicago particularly well-known founder. Hull House Association in North America one of the first social reformist groups. Since its program is inclusive, has become very influential on the world at that time the social reformist groups.
1932 the empty 1933
Norman. Angell (NormanAngell) British (1874-1967)
Norman. An Guer British writers, economists, journalists and members of the Royal Institute of International Affairs. He his numerous books expounded his famous argument: 2033 Nobel Peace prize.
1934 ��
Arthur. pavilion Anderson (ArthurHenderson) British (1863-1935)
Arthur. Henderson is a British politician, founder of the Labour Party one. former Home Secretary, Foreign Secretary, International Union security and disarmament committee members, is the World Disarmament Conference in 1932 the main promoters and organizers. by the 1934 Nobel Peace prize.
1935 Carl
years. von. Oce Nowitzki (Carlvon0sietzky) German (1887-1938)
Carl. von. Oc�� Nowitzki prominent political journalist in Germany and political commentators, the famous anti-fascist warrior for peace, has won 1935 Nobel Peace Prize. Aoxi Ci on October 2, 1887 born in Hamburg, a left-wing free public class family.
1936 ��
Carlos. Saavedra. pull Thomas (CarlosSavedraLamas) Argentina (1880-1959)
Carlos. Saavedra. Lamas is a famous Argentine diplomat, politician and jurist, he was successful in containing the mediation of the Chaco war into the annals of history. one hundred eighty-eight O, the Kage Si. Saavedra. Lamas was born in Buenos Aires paper. In 1932 to 1936 between Bolivia and Paraguay, the Chaco region to compete carried out a bloody war, he served as Afghanistan's Minister of Foreign Affairs reported ting.
1937, EA Robert held. Cecil (EARobertCecil) British (1864-1958)
Robert. Cecil is a British lawyer , politicians, cabinet ministers and parliamentarians, but also co-founder of the League, where he drafted the Covenant of the League. is an active supporter of world disarmament, which won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1937. one thousand eight hundred sixty-four on September 14, Robert. Cecil was born in London, a famous family, named Edgar. Algernon. Robert. Cecil. Gaisi Ke for his father. Cecil Marquis had as the British Conservative Party leader the last two decades, and served three British Prime Minister.
1938 ��
Nansen International Refugee Office (NansenInternationalOfficeforRefugees
O in nineteen thirty. Norway's humanitarian and explorer Frederick Liteyuefu. Nansen unfortunately passed away. his lifetime cause of peace for mankind, especially for the repatriation of prisoners of war and relief of refugees has made outstanding contributions. to inherit Nansen's behest, the relief and protection of refugees continues, the then International Union views on the death of the second year in the Nansen Nansen International Refugee Office was established (1931 - 1938.) eight years as refugees in the office of fruitful work, the cause of the world and almost made a contribution in 1938 was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
1939 - 1944 1945
the empty Cordell. Hull (CordellHull) American (1871-1955)
late in World War II, Hull support a United Nations organizations, and has made many efforts. President Roosevelt praised his contribution in this regard, and even called him four or five years he won the Nobel Peace prize.
1946 ��
John. Rayleigh. Matt (JohnRaleighMott) (1865-1955)
Emily. Balch (EmilyBalch) (1867-1961 ) American Nobel Prize selection committee members
Herman. Schmidt. British Plaid Raisin in the award ceremony, Matt has never been a politician and has never been actively involved in the organization of peace work. The reason why Matt was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, between peace, mutual tolerance, Christianity and work hard. one of the founders. December 1946, Balch and Matt shared the Nobel Peace prize. Balch said: ;. January 6, 1867, Balch was born in Massachusetts, Jia trailer. Champlain region.
1947 ��
British Quaker TheBritishFriendServiceCouncil
American Quaker AmercanFriendsServiceCommittee
American Catholics belong to religious organizations over the years, it is countries in the relief of refugees and the promotion of the cause of peace around the world to do a lot of things. In recognition of its contribution to the cause of human peace, in 1947 was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
1948 1949
the empty John. Boyd. Orr (JohnBoydOrr) British (1830-1971)
UK MD, nutritionist John. Boyd. Orr during World War II the British government's food policy adviser. After the war the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization of any first Director-General, to address the post-war world hunger made unremitting efforts, in 1949 and almost won the Nobel prize .
1950 ��
Ralph. Johnson. The Church (Ralph.JohnsonBunche) American (1940-1971}
Ralph. Johnson. The Church is the American educator and political scientist, but also The first black to win the Nobel Peace Prize. The Church of the Nobel Peace prize, largely because he took part in the mediation Arab-Israeli war.
1951 ��
Levon. Ru Austria (LeonJouhaux) French (1879 - 1954)
Levon. Ru Austria is a famous French labor leader, born in 1879 and died in 1954. He played since a young age, to participate actively in the French labor movement and international trade unions, has served as Treasurer of the French National Federation of Trade Unions, the General Secretary, International Labour Office, Board of Governors, the International Trade Union Confederation (later known as the World Federation of Trade Unions) Vice-President and other staff. He went through two world wars, an active part in the antiwar movement, had 1941-1945 imprisoned in Hitler's concentration camps between. because of his anti-war struggle and actively participated in the labor movement, in 1951 won the Nobel Peace prize.
1952 ��
Albert. Schweitzer (AlbertSchweitzer) French (1875-1965)
His folksy, wide human self-denial, humility and friendship, this quality of people spinning a profound impression. Hacken grams seized his life, plain living, so that its Dayton All the hospitals to host Lambarene. His tireless study in the academic spirit, his love of human freedom and peace, his service on the African people in the performance of self-sacrifice, and finally won him the one thousand nine hundred fifty-two Nobel Peace Prize.
1953 ��
George. Catlett. Marshall GeorgeCatIettMarshall Americans (1880-1959)
George. Catlett. Marshall Admiral U.S. Democrats. a eighty-eight O was born on December 31 Union City, Pennsylvania. 1897 into Virginia in 1953, he received the Nobel Peace prize t. It is said that this is because he was World War II on the complex with the contribution of the European economy, as well as the promotion of international peace efforts and understanding Joint Park High Commissioner for Refugees in the Office of the Second World War with the international protection of refugees provided, made a lot of humanitarian, social and non-political work on the human cause of peace made some contribution. Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to Parliament in 1954 awarded the Nobel Peace prize for Refugees, the Office has approximately thirty five thousand dollars in prize money for the end of the Greek Tinos work camps. < br> 1955 - 1956
the empty dish in 1957, Manchester. Boer Zi. Pearson LesterBoulesPearson Canadians (1897-1972)
He represented Canada at the 1944 Dumbarton Oaks Conference and the 1945 United Nations Conference held in San Francisco. He founded the United Food and Agriculture Organization of the contributions due to have power. World War II, the Egyptian people to regain sovereignty over the Suez Canal made unremitting struggle. during this period Pearson as Canada's Permanent Representative to the United Nations recommended that entered Egypt, the United Nations Emergency Force to maintain a truce. Dec. 22. British and French troops withdraw from all territory from Egypt, the Israeli army in March 1957 all withdrawal from Egyptian territory. Pearson played in this event the role of international mediators, for which he received one thousand nine hundred fifty-seven year's Nobel Peace prize. He was the first to obtain the money Canadians. < br> 1958 ��
George. Henry. Peel CeorgesHenriPire Belgians (1910-1960)
won the Nobel Peace prize in the people, Belgium, George. Henry. Peel is special. He has been to award the Lord not because of how much contribution to the cause of peace, but because the war forced the rescue of people displaced exotic aspects of the establishment of the immortal feats.
1959 ��
Philip. John. Noell - Baker (PhilipJohnNoel-Baker) Britain (1889 -)
in the international political arena, there have been a compelling figure. He eloquently diplomatic skills, in order to create the League and the United Nations good for the world tirelessly fighting for disarmament four years. He is the British political activist, international law authority of Philip. about tin. Noel - Baker.
1959 he was on international politics and international contribution to the cause of peace was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
Peter held
1960. John. Lutu Li (AlbertJohnLutuli) South African (1899-1967)
Albert. about the beginning. Lutu Li Zulu tribe in South Africa, ancestors to the nobility. Father ...
Present Nobel Peace the highest award of three voices, are China's human rights activist Hu / good and human rights lawyer Gao / Chi / Sheng, and Russia's Youssou Simone de Beauvoir. And these two are Chinese human rights activists have been the Chinese government to power crime people for world peace and scientific and technological progress and common development of mankind has made important contributions, received the award. There are some comments of Nobel Prize selection against the original intention of Mr. Nobel Prize, awarded to people who should not be issued. hope, on Friday awarded the Nobel Peace Prize should be given to what he calls Reviews on the award against the original intention of Mr. Nobel Prize, awarded to people who should not be issued.
As for the HU / Kai, his subversion of state of five articles, we have preserved the computer. etc. Tomorrow 17:00 pm, 2008 Peace Prize was enacted, we come to learn about good to see people he should not be issued.
as follows:
previous Nobel Peace Prize winner (1901 mmm2007 years)
1901 ��
Frederick. Passy (FrederPassy)
Joan. Henry. Dunant (JeanH.Dunant) Swiss
Passy is the world's first international peace organization mm international coalition for peace and co-founder of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded him the first parliamentary Nobel Peace prize, is to create both in recognition of his struggle for world peace efforts by organizations, as well as the cause of peace by his personal have made outstanding contributions.
1902 ��
Ellis. Dike gate (ElieDucommu) Swiss (1833-1906)
Xiaer Lai. Albert. Ge Bate (CharlesA.Gobat) Swiss (1843 -1914)
In O years December 10, the Norwegian Parliament's Nobel Peace Prize Committee to award the year Ellie. side doors and Charles Branch paddle. Albert. Ge Bate two Swiss. Ellis. Side Branch door is the International Peace Bureau Secretary, Mikhail national parliaments and the tie to be the Secretary. Nobel committee pointed out in prize money: give them both peace prize, not only to honor the peace They contribution to the cause, but also in recognition of International Peace Bureau, and the work of national parliaments and the tie.
Xiaer Lai. Albert. Ge Bate (CharlesA.Gobat) Swiss (1843-1914), Dr. Ge Bate is the Swiss law and politician, served as Chairman of the Federation Council, the International Parliamentary Union General Assembly President, the Secretary for International Peace Bureau, received the Nobel Peace Prize two years mid-O.
1903 ��
William. Randall. Creamer ( WilliamRandalCremer) British (1828-1908)
In three years of the Nobel Peace Prize O Peace Prize is a dedication to international peace movement, strongly advocated settlement of international disputes by international arbitration received by people. Creamer as a promise Nobel Peace prize winner, mainly contributed in two ways, first, the establishment of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, the arbitration of international disputes and the promotion of international peace and sports; First, the leadership of the British Association for the labor movement and the international aspects of the workers.
1904 Institute of International Law (INSTITUTEOFINTERNATIONALLAW)
Institute of International Law is the 1873 Ghent, Belgium set up headquarters in the Netherlands. Institute of International Law is not an official organization, is not it is a private The association, whose purpose is to safeguard and promote the development of international law. Nobel Foundation said: awarded the International Law Institute.
1905 ��
Bertha. Fulairulao. von. Suttner board (BerthaFreifrauVonSuttner) Austrian (1843-1914)
Bertha. Fulairulao. von . Suttner is a famous Austrian writer, a representative of bourgeois peace movement. in mid-O won the Nobel Peace Prize five years, was the first woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. is a safeguard world peace, against war great fighter, awarded her the Nobel Peace Prize is to achieve the Nobel's own wishes, she is also a well-deserved.
1906 ��
Theodore. Roosevelt (TheodoreRoosevelt) American (1858-1919)
Theodore. Roosevelt was the twenty-sixth U.S. President, Republican, October 27, 1858 Born in New York City, a wealthy merchant family. Roosevelt is the most influential in American history and the most controversial presidents. l he advertised himself on behalf of all the American people more to improve his reputation. History shows that one in U.S. history Rawlston there as president, some of the policies he pursued in the United States played a progressive role in history. but can not see him since it is representative of the ruling class Its starting point is to maintain only the interests of monopoly capital, particularly foreign policy pursued by his Ennaisituo. Diaoduoluo. Moneta (ErnestoTeodoroMoneta) Italian (1833-1918)
Louis. Lenore (LouisRenault) French (1843-1918)
do not tolerate abuse, he naturally powerful than the wisdom Warrior. Of course he can award, mainly because he was as a journalist and political commentator and hosted the peace on the meaning of an influential newspaper.
he was known as The only authority between the umpire. May 21, 1843, Louis. Lenore was born in France in a small city of the Olympic buildings intellectual family.
1908 ��
��ŵ����� < br> Frederick. Beye (FredrikBajer) Danish 1838-1922
October 27, 1844, ��ŵ����� was born in Gothenburg. It is precisely because ��ŵ����� advocated a peaceful understanding The Swiss Union was dissolved, he has gained a mid-O eight Nobel Peace Prize. He hoped that countries set up an association in the association, the dispute can only be resolved by voting, not to give up the sovereignty of a country. < br> In winning eight Frederick O. Beye famous Danish pacifist and writer, and politician. April 21, 1837, he was born in the Danish West Egg de. Pui feminist movement that was the main supporter of the Danish one. in 1871, he helped set up a equality. He supported the Council in legal form to be fixed the rights of women. Beye life love peace and oppose war. He is a left-wing Liberals, but he does not like the party's discipline. a few engaged in international peace and neutrality of Denmark, Scandinavia Scandinavian unity and women's rights and education of people, Pui support staff are that they are his comrades. Beye in the world to honor outstanding contributions to the peace movement in the Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to parliament In O Peace Prize was awarded to him for eight years and ��ŵ�����.
1909 ��
August, carbon (PaulH.BEstorunellesdeConstant), France (1852-1924)
Augustus Chairman of the Committee. by the mid-O nine Nobel Peace prize. Although the cause of international peace Bernard who did not make any outstanding contributions, but he made for the cause, after all, many efforts have had some effect, also enjoy consultation and therefore a certain sound, O In nine years, when in his eighties, the French statesman Paul Bell Nat. Dekang Stan shared the Nobel Peace prize, then the year.
In nine O Nobel peace prize winner is a two radically different characters. They not only as a means of achieving peace should take the attitude who do not ask, even in the fight for peace itself, opinions vary. The two men, one bit is the free radical fanatical belonged to another extreme conservative.
1910 ��
International Peace Bureau (InternationalPeaceButreau)
International Peace Bureau is a non-governmental nature of the world peace organization, as in the maintenance of world peace and promoting international cooperation in the significant achievements, was awarded the 1910 Nobel Peace Prize.
1911 ��
A Saier TobiasM.C.Asser the Dutch (1838-1913)
Alfredo de. Hermann (AlfredHermannFried) Austrian (1864-1921)
A Saier life for the research and development of law and upholding the rule of law have made unremitting struggle for the maintenance of human progress and dignity, but also for peace in the world an outstanding contribution. Although he has left the earth, but his spirit is always worth Zhifarushan people in the world to follow. A Saier Another major contribution was to create an international court, which he compared the long-term research of international law results.
Alfred. Herman is well-known Austrian journalist, life in publishing and journalism. his publishing and journalism as a weapon to fight actively for the cause of peace. Because of his being made in the peace movement contributions, he and Dutch jurists A Saier share the 1911 Nobel Peace Prize.
1912 ��
Elihu. Root (ElihuRoot) American (1845-1937) < br> Elihu. Beirut, is a famous American lawyer and prominent politician, is the 1912 Nobel Peace prize winner. February 15, 1845, Rutter was born in New York grams Lin Lai's an intellectual family.
1913 ��
Henry. Lafontaine (HenriLaFontain) Belgian (1854-1943)
Henry. Lafontaine was a famous jurist in Belgium. He has been served as Secretary for International Peace Bureau, which lasted thirty six years. He is also in the International Parliamentary Union, an outstanding member. early youth, he actively participated in peace movements. in opposition to the war, the struggle for world peace, He was a brave fighter. in his life, he made a considerable contribution to the cause of peace, and enjoy high international prestige. Some Westerners call him He made the cause of peace efforts, he won the 1913 Nobel Peace Prize.
1914 - 1916
the empty 1917 International Committee of the Red Cross (InternationalRedCrossCommittee) (respectively, one thousand nine hundred and seventeen, a nine hundred forty-four, 1963 Nobel Peace Prize three times.)
The organization was founded in 1883 in Geneva had. by the Geneva Conventions and many formal recognition of the International Red Cross Conference, is an independent body , has its own constitution.
1918 Thomas the empty
1919. Woodrow. Wilson (ThomasWoodrowWilson) American (1856-1924)
Wilson after the twenty-eighth President of the United States. the year fifty Born in December 28 years, Virginia's Staunton city, most of Scottish ancestry ancestors.
1920 ��
Leon. Bourget W (LeonBourgeois) French (1851-1925) < br> Leon. Bourget tile is a famous French statesman, international activists and lawyers. Since he founded the League (the League of Nations) done a lot of good work, thereby gaining one hundred ninety-two O Nobel Peace prize. < br> 1921 ��
Carl. Armagh. Branting (CarlHjalmarBranting) Swedish (1860-1925)
Kerbey Christian. Louis. Lange (ChristianLouisLange) Norwegian (1869-1938)
Carl. Armagh. Branting (CarlHjalmarBranting) Swedish (1860-1925) Carl. Armagh. Branting is a Swedish Social Democratic Labour Party
be one of the founders, the famous social activist, has Sweden, > Kerbey Christian. Louis. Lange is Norway's historian, diplomat, Nobel Committee, Norwegian Parliament was the first secretary. He served as Secretary-General of the International Parliamentary Union, up to twenty-four years (nine years for a mid-O 1923). In the meantime, his long residence in Geneva, in a large number of busy international work for peace and made great contributions to the cause. To this end, he shared the Swedish politicians Branting one thousand nine hundred twenty-one Nobel Peace prize.
1922 ��
������Լ��. Nansen (FridtjofNansen) Norwegian (1861-1930)
is the famous Norwegian explorer, oceanographer, and statesman . is the pioneer of international refugee affairs. regardless of his life in the Arctic expedition, or to save the refugees have made outstanding contributions to the world by the praise. To this end, he was in 1922 awarded the Nobel Peace prize. He is a Nobel Peace Prize winner of the most famous legendary person.
1923 - 1924 the empty.
1925 ��
Charlie soil. G?tz. Road into Sri Lanka (CharlesGatesDawes) American (1865 - 1951)
Austin. Chamberlain (AustenChamberlain) British (1863-1937)
in the West, whether historians or politicians, either in literature or general enthusiasts who care about politics in their memories, there are such a prestigious figure - Charlie soil. G?tz. Road into Sri Lanka. Dawes reason very famous, not only because he was vice president of the United States, a monopoly of the bourgeoisie economists, but mainly because he presided over the formulation of the . Austin. Chamberlain was the British bourgeois politicians, conservatives. October 16, 1863 was born in Birmingham. he was born in a family, to Egypt in early December Rigby Public School and Trinity College, Cambridge, Later, studying in Berlin and Paris. In O In O three to five years, the Financial great doctor, trying to implement his father Joseph. Chamberlain's tariff policy advocates, seeking to strengthen control of the economic dominion of the British Empire, tariff policy to promote conservation , the implementation of Imperial Preference.
1926 ��
Aristide. Briand (AristideBriand) French (1862-1932)
Gustav. Stresemann (GustavStresemann) Germany (1878-1920)
Aristide. Briand is a famous French bourgeois politicians and social activists. because of his promise in the signing of the Convention Los edge played an important role in the process, thereby gaining one thousand nine hundred twenty-six Nobel Peace Prize.
Gustav. Stresemann famous German bourgeois politicians and diplomats, and former Foreign Minister of Germany once phase. World War I, he introduced Germany and its particularly in France before the war with the reconciliation policy. in 1926 won the Nobel Peace prize.
1927 ��
Ferdinand. Edward. Buisson (FerdinanEdouardBujsson) French (1841-1932)
Ludwig. Kewei De (LudwigQuidde) German (1858-1941)
Ferdinand. Edward. Buisson (FerdinanEdouardBujsson) French (1841-1932) Ferdinand. Edward. Buisson France well-known progressive educator and statesman. Because of his 1866 creation of the International League for Peace and Freedom, established in 1898 made an important contribution to the Human Rights League; in his later years to ease a lot of work and the Franco-German relations the establishment of free education in France played an important role, when the eighty-year-old senior when he won the 1927 Nobel Peace prize winner of the Nobel Peace Prize middle-aged people who matter most.
Luther Vichy. Kewei De-known German historian and politician. in 1927, when nearly seventy years of age when he won the Nobel Peace prize. with his share of the annual bonus along with the famous French Education Ferdinand home. Edward. than loose. then some of the newspapers commented that the Norwegian Parliament to award the peace prize that two people, is to emphasize the so-called Germany, France and its former belligerents, especially the spirit of relaxation of tension.
1928 Frank the empty
1929. B. Kellogg (Frank.B.Kellogg) American
Frank. B. Kellogg is a famous American lawyer and diplomat, December 22, 1856 Born in Boston, New York. Since the conclusion of his nine countries in the initiative of the contribution of non-war pact, in 1929 he received the promise off Nobel Peace prize.
1930 ��
Nat Han. Third Kolb Roma (NathanSoderblom) Swedish (1866-1931)
Nat Han. Third Kolb Roma is well-known theologian, Sweden, Religion is also a famous historian. his life in the cause of religion, and actively promote national unity of Christ and always strive for world peace, so nineteen thirty O was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. his activities in the twenty- century education worldwide Christian movement with great impact. Third Kolb Roma is the first religious person to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
1931 ��
Nicholas. Murray. Butler (NicholasMurrayButler) Americans (1862-1947)
Jenny. Adams (JaneAddams) American (1860-1935)
Nicholas. Murray. Butler is an American educator and political leader, served as seventh president of the adviser. He Fifteen foreign government has received medals and thirty-seven honorary degree colleges and universities in more than fifty well-known within the Society and served more than twenty clubs, including the U.S. branch of the International Arbitration Committee, chaired for many years, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Award Foundation under the chairmanship over two decades. Because Butler is against the war and promoting world peace for a long effort, he won the 1931 Nobel Peace prize.
Jenny . Adams is a social reformist and pacifist. She and the United States Nicholas. Murray. Butler is the 1931 co-winner of the Nobel Peace prize. Jenny. Adams Hull House Association, as the Chicago particularly well-known founder. Hull House Association in North America one of the first social reformist groups. Since its program is inclusive, has become very influential on the world at that time the social reformist groups.
1932 the empty 1933
Norman. Angell (NormanAngell) British (1874-1967)
Norman. An Guer British writers, economists, journalists and members of the Royal Institute of International Affairs. He his numerous books expounded his famous argument: 2033 Nobel Peace prize.
1934 ��
Arthur. pavilion Anderson (ArthurHenderson) British (1863-1935)
Arthur. Henderson is a British politician, founder of the Labour Party one. former Home Secretary, Foreign Secretary, International Union security and disarmament committee members, is the World Disarmament Conference in 1932 the main promoters and organizers. by the 1934 Nobel Peace prize.
1935 Carl
years. von. Oce Nowitzki (Carlvon0sietzky) German (1887-1938)
Carl. von. Oc�� Nowitzki prominent political journalist in Germany and political commentators, the famous anti-fascist warrior for peace, has won 1935 Nobel Peace Prize. Aoxi Ci on October 2, 1887 born in Hamburg, a left-wing free public class family.
1936 ��
Carlos. Saavedra. pull Thomas (CarlosSavedraLamas) Argentina (1880-1959)
Carlos. Saavedra. Lamas is a famous Argentine diplomat, politician and jurist, he was successful in containing the mediation of the Chaco war into the annals of history. one hundred eighty-eight O, the Kage Si. Saavedra. Lamas was born in Buenos Aires paper. In 1932 to 1936 between Bolivia and Paraguay, the Chaco region to compete carried out a bloody war, he served as Afghanistan's Minister of Foreign Affairs reported ting.
1937, EA Robert held. Cecil (EARobertCecil) British (1864-1958)
Robert. Cecil is a British lawyer , politicians, cabinet ministers and parliamentarians, but also co-founder of the League, where he drafted the Covenant of the League. is an active supporter of world disarmament, which won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1937. one thousand eight hundred sixty-four on September 14, Robert. Cecil was born in London, a famous family, named Edgar. Algernon. Robert. Cecil. Gaisi Ke for his father. Cecil Marquis had as the British Conservative Party leader the last two decades, and served three British Prime Minister.
1938 ��
Nansen International Refugee Office (NansenInternationalOfficeforRefugees
O in nineteen thirty. Norway's humanitarian and explorer Frederick Liteyuefu. Nansen unfortunately passed away. his lifetime cause of peace for mankind, especially for the repatriation of prisoners of war and relief of refugees has made outstanding contributions. to inherit Nansen's behest, the relief and protection of refugees continues, the then International Union views on the death of the second year in the Nansen Nansen International Refugee Office was established (1931 - 1938.) eight years as refugees in the office of fruitful work, the cause of the world and almost made a contribution in 1938 was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
1939 - 1944 1945
the empty Cordell. Hull (CordellHull) American (1871-1955)
late in World War II, Hull support a United Nations organizations, and has made many efforts. President Roosevelt praised his contribution in this regard, and even called him four or five years he won the Nobel Peace prize.
1946 ��
John. Rayleigh. Matt (JohnRaleighMott) (1865-1955)
Emily. Balch (EmilyBalch) (1867-1961 ) American Nobel Prize selection committee members
Herman. Schmidt. British Plaid Raisin in the award ceremony, Matt has never been a politician and has never been actively involved in the organization of peace work. The reason why Matt was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, between peace, mutual tolerance, Christianity and work hard. one of the founders. December 1946, Balch and Matt shared the Nobel Peace prize. Balch said: ;. January 6, 1867, Balch was born in Massachusetts, Jia trailer. Champlain region.
1947 ��
British Quaker TheBritishFriendServiceCouncil
American Quaker AmercanFriendsServiceCommittee
American Catholics belong to religious organizations over the years, it is countries in the relief of refugees and the promotion of the cause of peace around the world to do a lot of things. In recognition of its contribution to the cause of human peace, in 1947 was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
1948 1949
the empty John. Boyd. Orr (JohnBoydOrr) British (1830-1971)
UK MD, nutritionist John. Boyd. Orr during World War II the British government's food policy adviser. After the war the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization of any first Director-General, to address the post-war world hunger made unremitting efforts, in 1949 and almost won the Nobel prize .
1950 ��
Ralph. Johnson. The Church (Ralph.JohnsonBunche) American (1940-1971}
Ralph. Johnson. The Church is the American educator and political scientist, but also The first black to win the Nobel Peace Prize. The Church of the Nobel Peace prize, largely because he took part in the mediation Arab-Israeli war.
1951 ��
Levon. Ru Austria (LeonJouhaux) French (1879 - 1954)
Levon. Ru Austria is a famous French labor leader, born in 1879 and died in 1954. He played since a young age, to participate actively in the French labor movement and international trade unions, has served as Treasurer of the French National Federation of Trade Unions, the General Secretary, International Labour Office, Board of Governors, the International Trade Union Confederation (later known as the World Federation of Trade Unions) Vice-President and other staff. He went through two world wars, an active part in the antiwar movement, had 1941-1945 imprisoned in Hitler's concentration camps between. because of his anti-war struggle and actively participated in the labor movement, in 1951 won the Nobel Peace prize.
1952 ��
Albert. Schweitzer (AlbertSchweitzer) French (1875-1965)
His folksy, wide human self-denial, humility and friendship, this quality of people spinning a profound impression. Hacken grams seized his life, plain living, so that its Dayton All the hospitals to host Lambarene. His tireless study in the academic spirit, his love of human freedom and peace, his service on the African people in the performance of self-sacrifice, and finally won him the one thousand nine hundred fifty-two Nobel Peace Prize.
1953 ��
George. Catlett. Marshall GeorgeCatIettMarshall Americans (1880-1959)
George. Catlett. Marshall Admiral U.S. Democrats. a eighty-eight O was born on December 31 Union City, Pennsylvania. 1897 into Virginia in 1953, he received the Nobel Peace prize t. It is said that this is because he was World War II on the complex with the contribution of the European economy, as well as the promotion of international peace efforts and understanding Joint Park High Commissioner for Refugees in the Office of the Second World War with the international protection of refugees provided, made a lot of humanitarian, social and non-political work on the human cause of peace made some contribution. Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided to Parliament in 1954 awarded the Nobel Peace prize for Refugees, the Office has approximately thirty five thousand dollars in prize money for the end of the Greek Tinos work camps. < br> 1955 - 1956
the empty dish in 1957, Manchester. Boer Zi. Pearson LesterBoulesPearson Canadians (1897-1972)
He represented Canada at the 1944 Dumbarton Oaks Conference and the 1945 United Nations Conference held in San Francisco. He founded the United Food and Agriculture Organization of the contributions due to have power. World War II, the Egyptian people to regain sovereignty over the Suez Canal made unremitting struggle. during this period Pearson as Canada's Permanent Representative to the United Nations recommended that entered Egypt, the United Nations Emergency Force to maintain a truce. Dec. 22. British and French troops withdraw from all territory from Egypt, the Israeli army in March 1957 all withdrawal from Egyptian territory. Pearson played in this event the role of international mediators, for which he received one thousand nine hundred fifty-seven year's Nobel Peace prize. He was the first to obtain the money Canadians. < br> 1958 ��
George. Henry. Peel CeorgesHenriPire Belgians (1910-1960)
won the Nobel Peace prize in the people, Belgium, George. Henry. Peel is special. He has been to award the Lord not because of how much contribution to the cause of peace, but because the war forced the rescue of people displaced exotic aspects of the establishment of the immortal feats.
1959 ��
Philip. John. Noell - Baker (PhilipJohnNoel-Baker) Britain (1889 -)
in the international political arena, there have been a compelling figure. He eloquently diplomatic skills, in order to create the League and the United Nations good for the world tirelessly fighting for disarmament four years. He is the British political activist, international law authority of Philip. about tin. Noel - Baker.
1959 he was on international politics and international contribution to the cause of peace was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
Peter held
1960. John. Lutu Li (AlbertJohnLutuli) South African (1899-1967)
Albert. about the beginning. Lutu Li Zulu tribe in South Africa, ancestors to the nobility. Father ...
Tuesday, December 21, 2010
Five Powerful Chiefs Spring
Five Powerful Chiefs
Wikipedia card
Spring from 770 BC to 476 years ago, called the Spring and Autumn period in history. In this two hundred and ninety years, the community wind and thunder storming, can be said to populations everywhere, war prevails. According to Lu only the history of , are innumerable. lost its former authority, but attached to the powerful feudal emperor. some powerful vassal state to hegemony, war with each other, vying for supremacy, has dominated the five lords called this paragraph]
. This said, be found in the praise of the . He in politics, economy, made a series of reforms, coupled with the Qi to near Bohai Sea, with mountain and ocean fishing fields of interest, Qi stronger soon. Duke with the views of Guan Zhong, the word ; on the cover, that is, respect for the Royal Court under the name of unity and the other princes, against threats to the Central Plains around the minority, but also sent troops to stop the north south power Chu, set in feudal authority in the country. Later, the Duke called vassal state in the Qiu Kui Alliance, Royal Court, represented the formal recognition of the Duke's dominance.
then dominate the Duke Wen of Jin. 633 BC, led by Chu Chu Chengwang, Zheng, Chen and other forces have laid siege Song State capital Shangqiu (Henan Shangqiu County South). Song Jin sent people to help. 晋文公 men adopted the correct opinion. for the Qi and Qin war, expanding his own power. and then, but also improved Jin with the CAO, the relationship between health, isolation of the state of Chu. At this time, Chu Yoshitada (Guan Ming, the equivalent of prime minister) Ember furious and sent his army and attacked the Jin army.
Lord Wen Chu in order to avoid the edge and return Jin civil strife in exile when the king's hospitality, (in Exodus, the Lord Wen promised: If Jin King and back, once the war Chu Jin, Jin will back away, the ancient military march called for a ten miles round, Ninety years is three homes) ordered the troops to retreat back ninety years. Jin, , and easy to join Qi, Qin, Song and other allied troops, the concentration of forces. 632 BC in April, Jin Chu armies began to battle. Jin luring the enemy in depth, Chu encircled, all was destroyed. Chengpu war created first in the military to retreat a step, striking a well-known wars. Since then, Duke Wen invited King Xiang of Zhou, in the practice of soil (Henan Guang-wu) and princes to the league. 晋文公 the Zhou closure policy as (vassal long), and gave him black and red bows and arrows, that allowed him the right to freedom of conquest. 晋文公 into the Central Plains overlord.
Duke after the death of Duke Hsiang of Sung wanted to be dominant. Thirteen King Xiang of Zhou years (BC June Third nine years) in spring, Song, Qi, Chu Sanguo monarch to meet the deer in the state of Qi. Duke Hsiang of Sung's beginning to call themselves chief, that he is the initiator of this meeting, at the same time consider themselves to the title than the Chu, Qi Guojun high chief has been none other than non. But the Duke Hsiang of Sung Chu Chengwang make Chubing custody, and then to take command of five hundred entrants Shaben Song. Finally, after the Duke Hsiang of Sung was taken away Chu Also let go. quick success, a mind is a blank where he failed, but the disloyal and the righteousness of others, made him one ranked Five Hegemons the Spring and Autumn. but in name only, can not be considered a true dominant.
dominate in Qi When Qi Chu inhibition due to stop north, turn east and annexed the small countries, China was strong. Qi decline, the northward expansion of the State of Chu and Jin will hegemony. In 598 BC, Chu Zhuangwang his troops in the Bi (Henan Zhengzhou) and Jin battle to defeat Jin. Zhongyuan Jin back to the States of Chu, Chu Zhuangwang Central Plains has become dominant.
Jin dominate when the western state of Qin is also strong. Qinmu Gong attempted hegemony east central China, but because of the access road east of the resistance to Jin, then west to annex more than a dozen small country, dominate the area west of the Hangu Pass, known as the second, open to a thousand miles Gou in Guiji (now in Shaoxing, Zhejiang), forcing more countries to yield. Then he beat the Qi. 482 BC, in the yellow pool (today near Fengqiu) and princes to the league, won hegemony. Goujian Wu since been After the defeat, hardships, determined to take revenge, after decades of efforts, weakening the strong, destroy the State of Wu. Gou momentum to north, and Qi, Jin and other princes as Xu Alliance (now Shandong knee County), became dominant. < br> Various Houda Guo hegemony, shows a weakening of the Zhou monarchy. dongqian from 770 BC King Ping Luo Yi (Henan Luoyang) after the decline of the Zhou royal family even more. a former commander in chief vassal emperor, Emperor out. have a class together to seize power. Zhou slavery in the , Duke Wen of Jin Ji Chong, Chu Zhuangwang MI Brigade, Fuchai, Goujian these five princes, so the real Spring Five Hegemons should be them. At the same time with the PEP is also used high school history textbooks that claim, so more authoritative the statement said.
Duke Hsiang of Sung arrogant about Viagra by princes of Chu, and rallied to dominate the funeral of their body, one can not count Five Powerful Chiefs. but'd spring the first tyrant, save in the collapse of the Zhou Dynasty No one mentioned the Zhengzhuang Gong. Zhengzhuang Gong Five Hegemons should be considered one of the Spring and Autumn.
[Edit this paragraph]
Five Powerful Chiefs Spring beyond the scope of Spring and Autumn Period.
the eight following statement:
1. Qi Huan, ANESTHESIOLOGY, Chu Zhuang, lu, Gou No articles Mu, Fu 7. Both Duke and Duke Wen
unanimously, without debate. Chuzhuang Wang also overwhelmingly passed Qinmu Gong is barely more than half, the two also received considerable recognition rate. king lu and regarded Goujian temporary male, but the question is, These five can be ruled out. Section 6 point too partial to the State of Jin, but will Chuzhuang Wang excluded, it seems unreasonable.
left only the first 1 and 7 of the two, and two members of the similar, the difference is only in the Needless to say, Sima Qian to him as criticism, of course, some people expressed doubts on this matter, Sima Qian is no matter to load the scholars, the concept of the Confucian they love to show off their but also to their face painted with a layer of ;, they literally say Confucianism as a instead of ; the argument itself is very impractical, to say, resourceful Zhengzhuang Gong, Zunwangrangyi the Duke, made the Central Plains of Duke Wen of Jin tyrants, dominating the Qinmu Gong Xi Rong, aspirations to the Central Plains Chuzhuang Wang, Jin BR revival Dao Gong, vertical and horizontal JAC's king lu, dominating the southeast Yue Gou, these eight series from the entire Spring and Autumn Period, they bear witness to the vicissitudes of the centuries.
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Spring King Introduction
Zheng Zhuanggong
Hime surname, Cheng, name http Health (701 years ago 757 years ago), Spring and Autumn Period of China Zheng Guojun Lord, known as Chronology of DPRK relations started to deteriorate. During the reign of the Zhengzhuang Gong, Zheng Guoguo strong potential, and has occurred many times the war, including the duke's younger brother, Ji rebellion launched by paragraph, and beat Zhou Huan Wang led Chen, Tsai, Guo, etc. Ge Xu war coalition. especially the latter, established Zheng's became the most powerful vassal state of the Central Plains.
Zheng, Song Zheng Zhuanggong dispute is an important life events encountered one. Zheng Guodong Song neighborhood, north of the Great Patriotic. Zheng and Song, Wei has a contradiction between the two countries, at any time by Song, Wei pincer attack risk. BC 719 years, gathered, including Wei Song, Chen, Tsai, Yan, Lu, including multi-national coalition, has twice besieged Zheng, Zheng leveled much of the trend. In this case, Zheng Zhuanggong calm and not to yield. on the one hand, he strengthened the military defense, tenacious enemy; the other hand, deal with the diplomatic relations between the nations, let go, gains an enemy possible to unite all political forces that can be used. For example, Chen and Song Though there have been invaded with Cheng, but Zheng Zhuanggong active after the defeat of Chen Shih-Chen and better. Lu Cheng in cutting aid troops in the Battle of the Song, but Zhengzhuang Gong Lu has not hate on, but the initiative to show good summation Lu, until became allies. Qi was the princes in power, and Qi Zheng Zhuanggong very close attention to the relationship between the forces to take advantage of Qi to contain the Song. In addition, with the week against each other, but also very careful strategy. Although defeated Wang Shi, who king of the night to make Jizhong workers; hates week had abandoned the king, the king has the authority to use the week to combat enemies. before 713 years War Song, by denouncing the sin of the public do not move the Zhou, Zheng Zhuanggong United Qi and Lu of the division to the orders of Fa Song emperor. Qi and Lu in the military defeat of Song Jian (now Wu County southeast of Shandong Province), ZHENG first captured Song Gao (now Wu County, Shandong East), anti-(now Shandong Jinxiang West), then beat Song, Cai, Wei three coalition, eventually yielding Song.
Zheng Zhuanggong Hero I, but There are also two major political mistake. an important mistake is the Prince during his lifetime did not suddenly (ie Zhengzhao Gong) the bit to make proper arrangements so that his death, which plunged into Zhengzhao Gong and Zheng Zheng Guoli Li Gong (son of the conflict) of the war, so that Jun Zheng two side by side to form the chaos, damage a long time. Another important mistake is the high re-canal indemnity, which has left serious troubles for the state of Zheng. Zhuang Mi want to establish channels for the high Qing, when the Prince of Zhao Gong opposition , the duke did not listen and insisted on using high-channel Mi Renda Chen. and Zhao Gong King and high drainage Mi took the opportunity to kill the fear Zhao Gong himself, with Zhao Gong will take the machine out of the city hunting, shooting Zhao Gong, Quan Chen Jizhong with conspiracy to change legislation Zhao Gongdi King and Son PROCEEDINGS.
Zheng Zhuanggong reigned forty-three years, in 701 BC, and Qi, Wei, Song and other major powers allied princes, seem to be the feudal overlord. but only a few months after the death of a , Zheng also increased from gloom and doom.
Duke Huan of Qi during the Spring and Autumn
Duke fifteenth monarchs, the surname Jiang, Lu, were white, Qi Lu Zhu Xianggong children's younger brother, AD 685 ~ 643 before the reign of the former, is the first monarch to dominate the Central Plains.
Qi Xianggong is a tyrannical monarch, domestic discontent, all resentment. white palace remonstrate, Xianggong not listen. he's in the Baoshuya persuasion, that ran to the Chu State. 685 BC, the Zudi Xianggong minister Kung-sun ignorance and even said to the father of management collusion coup, killing Xianggong, usurped the throne. more than a month after the killing of Qi Lu ignorance prepared to meet the escapade in the state of Lu Xiao Bai's brother returned to the throne the son of correction. and domestic Gao, the country's support for such noble white throne. white back together all the first corner and Linzi, when on the monarch, that is, Duke. He re-Guan Zhong, let go, was appointed his assistant, son of Guan Zhong correction phase power. under the auspices of the Guan Zhong, Duke in the political, economic, and military aspects, a series of reforms, especially in light of local conditions, the development of fisheries, Strong up the Qi Guofu, laid the foundation for the final dominate.
order to expand the influence of his Xing Bing Fa Lu, victory, then the occupation of the state of Lu Yi. and then return the seized land war, countries that princes He is a credible virtuous king, willing, and his allies, his fame. Duke to send envoy to worship the throne just weeks Xi Wang, won the bet the king's favor. He convened a meeting of States lords to the north of apricot, was elected chief, and later with the song in the quiet, fish, health, and Cao drink eight countries such as the League of blood, Qi dominate the situation was finally established, the Duke became the first spring and tyrants (the Duke Huan died in 643 BC. His five sons vying for positions and engaged in civil war for the body buried in the death of 67 days. This time, Qi, intensified social contradictions, he will record the dominance of the decline.
晋文公
Ji Xing, Jin's, name, Chong, Jun Jin Guoguo twenty-four. Duke, the Central Plains there is no real dominant until the Duke Wen of Jin (previous 636 ~ 628 years before the ruling) when the re- move reform the political, economic development, fought through, credibility, stability and the royal family, and good state of Qin, national Dasheng. Fangwen Gong came to the throne when the civil unrest of Zhou, Xiang Wang confronted by danger and fled to the Zheng. Zhaocui that the wengong : two years (before 633), capital of Song surrounded Chu Shangqiu. times early lead Duke Wen of Jin Qi, Song, Qin Army Chengpu (now Southwest Juan City, Shandong) and Chu war.
the Chu Guoli States now, never losing the war, records, and even the Duke did not dare go to war with the people of Chu, it was all that Jin will be lost.
the Lord Wen former exile to return the goods with him, Chu Chengwang Well, insist on concessions three homes (approximately 45 km) before engagement. the enemy fled before the retreat is tantamount to no war, for Lord Wen under great pressure, and even came within Jin Chu Chengwang down his dream of being in manner, taking brain, so decisive was scared to give up rumors. But Jin won the final battle. the Jin Jing Man Chu Shan Rong Dajun broke the unbeaten ranks of the myth.
晋文公 way home princes in practice on the General Assembly (now in Henan Zhengzhou North), the emperor sent someone to cover it as call the meeting. 晋文公 by Chu and dominate over the princes. wengong death, Jin still maintaining the centuries-old dominance.
Chuzhuang Wang
Chuzhuang Wang is the king of Chu during the Spring and Autumn, Mi name, Xiong, name brigades (one for the companion), Chu Mu Chen Xiong, son of business, 613 BC ~ 591 years before the reign.
Chu was originally a South Fangxiao Guo, through the King Wen, as after the development of the king, to Mu gradually to a halt when the state. Zhuangwang yet ascended the throne at the age of less than 20 years of age, domestic contradictions, broke his two sons-sup and sub-master instrument launched rebellion. Although it is time to quell rebellion, but he was the child owners, it was a not a small test and negative start. in a complex situation, he took to observing dynamic response, showing indulge in sensual pleasures, do not ask the status of political affairs.
Three years later, he Chu State Council and the various characters have a basic understanding. He reused Wu Ju, Su and other Zhongzhi from the minister, who came to invade the Yong Gongmie country, so that the forces of Chu extension to the northwest. He was appointed Sun Shuao Yoshitada, Sun Shuao humbly listen to the views of governing the country. Zhuangwang during the reign of the upper and lower harmony monarch, unanimously. He led the law enforcement, attention to social production, economic development, full strength. He ruled that the state of Chu and pragmatic social stability, and the people frugal people's lives have improved.
Chu to north central China, feudal hegemony, we must first win over its neighbor's Zheng. Beilin defeated Chu in the team after Jin Guojun, Zheng began to take orders from the state of Chu , but still wavering. to strive to become dominant, Chu Jin for a long time between the wars, the last victory Chu, revered earthquake, the country at high potential, and Jin decline in the prestige of small States, lost their ability to govern. Soon, Chuzhuang Wang Xiao exterminate the country, but also attack the Song for three consecutive years, forcing the Song to the Chu Sum. Chuzhuang Wang Yin Ma Yellow River, the Central Plains aspirations to realize their aspirations to dominate. Central Plains States princes of Chu toe, stuck, there will of those who dare to go against the state of Chu, Chu Guobing by the front, which did not quickly collapse.
Chuzhuang Wang successive military forces, but he try to make do farm work in the right season for compassionate people to appease, to get the support of the people, it is his genius. He is also a foreign war and the strategies taken by Wade, not just focus on pros and cons of a particular piece of land, but more focus on ethics orientations , orders the world, which makes the dominance of his ultimately successful.
Duke Hsiang of Sung
Duke Hsiang of Sung (? ~ pre 637), Song of the monarch Spring and Autumn Period (650 to before 637 before), the son of Duke Huan Song, sub- surname, Song, were hereby Fu, ascended the throne in 650 BC. Song was originally a weekly neutrinos Kai Shang aristocracy closure States, territory of today's eastern Henan and Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui border region, the capital is Shangqiu ( Today Shangqiu). to the time when Duke Hsiang of Sung, the burgeoning national power, and its desire to dominate the Central Plains has become even more intense.
645 and 643 BC, the achievements of the dominance of the Zhong Qi, Duke have died. Huan death, his five sons to fight for the Throne internal conflict happened, Yiya power collusion palace rebellion, without loss of King and son stand. Qi also gradually decline due to civil strife and national strength, completely lost its dominance. 642 BC , the ambitious Duke Hsiang of Sung took the opportunity to joint Cao, Wei, Zhu and other countries sent troops to attack the State and to support the refuge's son fled to Song became a Qiguo Guo Jun Zhao (ie Qixiao Gong). Duke Hsiang of Sung by the princes of this States praised the status of Song has also been improved. The intent of Duke Hsiang of Sung inherited counting on the status of Duke Huan of Qi active set, more and more ambitious attempt to dominate the Central Plains. BC 639, Duke Hsiang of Sung launched the deer on the ( Song, the now Anhui Fuyang South) of the Union. In this regard, the minister of state son of the Head Song Yi (Duke Hsiang of Sung's Shu-brother) has repeatedly remonstrate Duke Hsiang of Sung said: ! , a way to raise their prestige. In autumn, the Duke Hsiang of Sung and around Chu, Chen, Cai, Zheng, Xu, Cao Jun and other countries of the Alliance in Yu (Song, the current environment Sui County in Henan.) attending the appointment Duke Hsiang of Sung Yi objectives do not listen to advice, insisted on non-military forces, and has set an ambush in the Yu Chu, captured Duke Hsiang of Sung. then revolted Fa Song of Chu, but was led by Yi Song Guojun target people stubborn resistance Chu Wai Song are several months old and can not overcome. After mediation by the public Xi Lu, Duke Hsiang of Sung Chu was only release.
Throughout his life by the Duke Hsiang of Sung, the person he really is a Zhidacaishu. Duke died , the princes of the strongest Chu, Chu Chengwang actually dominate the Central Plains. And the Song is a weak country, a small force of a single country, unable to dominate the original, but the Duke Hsiang of Sung was presumptuous, bent in a vain attempt Chu hegemony. Chu Song with the political contest, and always at a disadvantage, a failure Zaibai. to determine their fate in the battle of Hung, he speak about virtue and morality, sticking to the ancient righteousness. Five Powerful Chiefs Spring and Autumn, Well, the birth rate Qinde Gong Jia Zhao, Qin Xuangong Zhao Tian, Zhao Qin Chenggong brother set out, in ~ 659 BC, 621 years before the reign, as long as 39 years, there is a history of Qin as the monarch. During his reign, the revised national policy, external map dominance, the unification of this, Gansu, Ningxia and other places, Qin began to rise.
originally lived in the Qin Qin Pavilion (now Gansu Zhangjiachuan) tribes around the name of a win. Qin Xianggong due to escort King Ping dongqian active, called the princes, gave Qi west, the official founding. verses, Nanjing, Wuhan, Germany, announced gentlemen, Qin's territory continued eastward, to the Mugong the throne, has been occupied more than half Guanzhong.
Qinmu Gong's reign, ambitious, work hard and forge ahead. He reuse Baili Xi, Jian Shu and other Yoshiomi, the implementation of the policy Fuguojiangbing, relying on their Xiuming political, military development, production incentives, the national power greatly enhanced. Qinmu Gong talented people, to break the boundaries of respectable and humble, noble people outside the selection, the choice of who defected to other countries to come, such as Baili Xi was a servant, he used five sheep to Baili Xi Chu changed from back. When more than seventy years old Baili Xi was escorted back to the state of Qin, the Qinmu Gong personally for him to open the shackles, and he talks the country is. Mugong again Baili Xi's recommendation will be invited Jian Shu Qin, appointed He is the doctor. Qinmu Gong practice of talented persons that he is a full vision of the monarch.
personnel have to complete dominance, but also must have the support of the people. Qinmu Gong attaches great importance to people's support or oppose, so implemented some measures to ease class conflict, to reduce the burden on the people. He stressed that to win the trust. Jin famine, the state of Qin for help, he did not count past grievances, to a large number of food to the state of Jin, it could not make people suffer. Shanxi States have praised his greatness subjects, and his prestige greatly enhanced. which makes him popular support, and support the lower masses, with the hegemony of the foundation. In diplomacy, Qinmu Gong is also useful strategy. in order to open access, competition Pa central China, he used marriage alliance with the Jin to compete amongst the strongest teams and the Central Plains. He married the daughter of Mu Ji Jin Xiangong do his wife and took his daughter to marry Lord Wen Huai win and help Duke Wen of Jin in the City defeated in the Battle of Pu Chu. 晋文公 death, Qinmu Gong that the time has come to, want to replace Jin as overlord. to stabilize the rear, his best offensive Xi Rong. Xi Rong Qin refers to spread in the vast region west of the nation state Rong . He defected to come through the understanding of the Xi Rong States by Yu mountains situation, deployment of troops, with total alienation, badger and other strategies, highlighting Jones, launched a full attack, conquer these countries, expanding to a thousand miles. In this way, the East from Shaanxi, the junction of the Yellow River in Shanxi, has been to the far West, are all controlled by the state of Qin, Qinmu Gong has finally become the overlord of the West. This is the development of Chinese society has a positive role in accelerating the national integration, the economic development of the state of Qin. Qin Mugong create the dominance of the Qin Dynasty unified the Warring States to lay the foundation for the whole of China.
Mugong thirty years (before 621 BC), Qinmu Gong died, buried in Yong (now the southeast of Shaanxi Fengxiang), sacrificial death of a hundred seventy-seven people, including three sons of Um Ziyu's interest, Jones Lang LaSalle, needle tiger. The three are kind, chivalrous, people in Taiwan have grieved, Fu Cang those days, my beloved, J; as Callable Xi, people a hundred of their body! They in return!
king lu
also for the 496 years of reign. Wu is a Spring and Autumn Period of the Yangtze River country, was originally a vassal state of Chu, Wu, Wu Junshou dreams have begun to emerge. Jin and Chu hegemony to take joint strategy for Chu Wu system, sending Chu Chen Wu Chen death came with a group of tanks Wu, who teaches Wu car, Yu radio, array, Wu Jun, which learned of the car wars. In addition, Wu and Jin friendly terms, the economy, culture has been development of national strength gradually stronger. So, Wu Junshou dream slowly sprouted out of the country's intentions, since the number king, with the desire on the southern powers Chu race on the battlefield. BC 584 years, Wu Jun, Qi Lu Dajun water out of New , has captured the state of Chu to the Huaihe River city. After nearly 70 years, the two sides have occurred ten large-scale war, a few into the feud. In this ten war, Wu Jun victory six times, once victory Chu, the outcome of each other three times. BC 515, the Wuguo Gong Wu won the sub-light the throne, said the king lu. lu reign, determined to dominate the world.
strongly with political courage of the lu collecting personnel and adopt good way to listen to voice of the people. He died appointment of the Chu-chen Wu, Wu's suggestions to listen to its revitalization. he built the castle, set the garrison, the accumulation of grain, enriched Hyogo, prepare to dominate the princes. After years of efforts, Wu has grown in strength, the people clothed willing to sacrifice for the country. In order to give some color to see the state of Chu, who perished in one fell swoop a vassal Xu Chu, Chu had no alternative to this, he watched king Xu .
has a strong economic strength, fought through Helv began to shift the focus of military development. His appointment of Wu Wu to help him train his soldiers to meet the vassal state of war with the needs of the Central Plains. and reuse of military strategist Sun Wu, improve the tactical ability; to intensify production of a sharp sword for war purposes. everything is ready, lu the first targeting the powerful state of Chu. 506 BC, the Wu Tang joint, Cai China , large-scale attack on the Chu, Chu collapse of ground, often embarrassed coach Yoshitada son fled, Wu Jun victory, and after several battles, into the Chu capital of Ying. Chuzhao Wang panic fled, after with the help of Duke Ai Qin was re- back to the capital. After the victory over Chu, Helv more countries turned to the edge, and began the necessary condition for battles in Vietnam. In 496 BC, when fighting in the armed forces, he was unfortunately Yuejun arrows from the hit, injured death.
Goujian
also for the Gou, BC 496 ~ 465 years before the reign, the more often the son of Wang Yun was dominant last Spring and Autumn Period, the famous statesman and military strategist.
Zhou Jing Wang twenty-four years (formerly 496) , the more often die Wang Yun, Gou ascended the throne. As often refused to help his father Wu Yun Chu attack, but also supports self-Fugai Helv brother, the two forged a vendetta. king lu Xingbing to take advantage of the occasion more Sangluan cutting more, Gou revolted against. Wu Jun defeat lu died on his way home by Jianshang. his son king did reign, he never forgets revenge patricide, spent more than two years training. 494 BC, Wu Yuefu Law of war, Gou anything, trapped in Kuaijishan.
defeated the Gou listened to the subjects as language versions, the views of Fan Li, Wu promised to the sum of base words, waiting for an opportunity to re-map the great cause. lingual by Wu Chen Bo Pi to persuade more countries king accept the sum, Gou Wu wife into slavery.
Gou Wu arrived in all, the king intends to humiliate him, to his grave to live in a stone house Helv keep feeding the grave horses, and sometimes also deliberately go out riding his horse to walk in front of people. Gou bite the bullet, to coax the king did, so obedience is better than the servant of Fu Chai men. Hsi sick, Gou went greetings, but also opened the toilet Fu Chai cover just pull the stool observing, understanding the condition of Fu Chai. time for the past 3 years, as Gou dedicated to serve, together with Bo Pi sent from time to time to accept the text submitted by the species in the Hsi Lai Gou Jian to talk about things before, so that the king did Gou has really surrender, decided to put his wife and Fan Li Gou home.
Gou back to Vietnam after the country, hardships, good governance. Zhou Jing Wang four years (before 478), the Wu case of severe drought and famine for many years, granary empty, hungry people, more to eat in the East China Sea, Gou Chengxi attack Wu. Yuejun feint to the two wings of the central break, continuous offensive tactics, defeated Wu Jun in the Lize (now Suzhou South). Hsi see the hopeless situation, to commit suicide and die. Gou rate win the division, the North crossing the River, and Qi, Jin and other Congress in Xuzhou (now Shandong Tengxian). Zhou Yuan Wang sent envoys sent by the sacrifice, Gou Feng as the . Since then, Yuejun rampant JAC area, princes do to Zhao He, Gou's complete dominance.
when Gou just dominate the Conquest of Wu, his men has been called the largest contributor to the General Fan Li, Fan Li knew then lived under the difficult name the public, after the business and wealth. Fan Li had sent someone to the text caused by the book kind of, that Why do not you? 496 - before 473) the eldest son of Prince poured. Family Temple name Wu Yingzong, posthumous title of King of Wu at the end, 473 years before the reign of 495 years ago, a total of 23 years. To comply with the defeated Yue King Gou Jian's father lu's teachings, then on the throne to Bo Pi as Taizai, Wu drill with the veteran troops to revenge. The following year the State of Yue defeated in Cardiff Law, break all the more (now in Shaoxing, Zhejiang), the more yield. 486 BC, Han ditch open, connected Yangtze River and Huai, opened a lead of Song, Lu waterways, press on the Central Plains. Later, Ai Ling (now Shandong Taian) defeated Qi. AD ...
Wikipedia card
Spring from 770 BC to 476 years ago, called the Spring and Autumn period in history. In this two hundred and ninety years, the community wind and thunder storming, can be said to populations everywhere, war prevails. According to Lu only the history of , are innumerable. lost its former authority, but attached to the powerful feudal emperor. some powerful vassal state to hegemony, war with each other, vying for supremacy, has dominated the five lords called this paragraph]
. This said, be found in the praise of the . He in politics, economy, made a series of reforms, coupled with the Qi to near Bohai Sea, with mountain and ocean fishing fields of interest, Qi stronger soon. Duke with the views of Guan Zhong, the word ; on the cover, that is, respect for the Royal Court under the name of unity and the other princes, against threats to the Central Plains around the minority, but also sent troops to stop the north south power Chu, set in feudal authority in the country. Later, the Duke called vassal state in the Qiu Kui Alliance, Royal Court, represented the formal recognition of the Duke's dominance.
then dominate the Duke Wen of Jin. 633 BC, led by Chu Chu Chengwang, Zheng, Chen and other forces have laid siege Song State capital Shangqiu (Henan Shangqiu County South). Song Jin sent people to help. 晋文公 men adopted the correct opinion. for the Qi and Qin war, expanding his own power. and then, but also improved Jin with the CAO, the relationship between health, isolation of the state of Chu. At this time, Chu Yoshitada (Guan Ming, the equivalent of prime minister) Ember furious and sent his army and attacked the Jin army.
Lord Wen Chu in order to avoid the edge and return Jin civil strife in exile when the king's hospitality, (in Exodus, the Lord Wen promised: If Jin King and back, once the war Chu Jin, Jin will back away, the ancient military march called for a ten miles round, Ninety years is three homes) ordered the troops to retreat back ninety years. Jin, , and easy to join Qi, Qin, Song and other allied troops, the concentration of forces. 632 BC in April, Jin Chu armies began to battle. Jin luring the enemy in depth, Chu encircled, all was destroyed. Chengpu war created first in the military to retreat a step, striking a well-known wars. Since then, Duke Wen invited King Xiang of Zhou, in the practice of soil (Henan Guang-wu) and princes to the league. 晋文公 the Zhou closure policy as (vassal long), and gave him black and red bows and arrows, that allowed him the right to freedom of conquest. 晋文公 into the Central Plains overlord.
Duke after the death of Duke Hsiang of Sung wanted to be dominant. Thirteen King Xiang of Zhou years (BC June Third nine years) in spring, Song, Qi, Chu Sanguo monarch to meet the deer in the state of Qi. Duke Hsiang of Sung's beginning to call themselves chief, that he is the initiator of this meeting, at the same time consider themselves to the title than the Chu, Qi Guojun high chief has been none other than non. But the Duke Hsiang of Sung Chu Chengwang make Chubing custody, and then to take command of five hundred entrants Shaben Song. Finally, after the Duke Hsiang of Sung was taken away Chu Also let go. quick success, a mind is a blank where he failed, but the disloyal and the righteousness of others, made him one ranked Five Hegemons the Spring and Autumn. but in name only, can not be considered a true dominant.
dominate in Qi When Qi Chu inhibition due to stop north, turn east and annexed the small countries, China was strong. Qi decline, the northward expansion of the State of Chu and Jin will hegemony. In 598 BC, Chu Zhuangwang his troops in the Bi (Henan Zhengzhou) and Jin battle to defeat Jin. Zhongyuan Jin back to the States of Chu, Chu Zhuangwang Central Plains has become dominant.
Jin dominate when the western state of Qin is also strong. Qinmu Gong attempted hegemony east central China, but because of the access road east of the resistance to Jin, then west to annex more than a dozen small country, dominate the area west of the Hangu Pass, known as the second, open to a thousand miles Gou in Guiji (now in Shaoxing, Zhejiang), forcing more countries to yield. Then he beat the Qi. 482 BC, in the yellow pool (today near Fengqiu) and princes to the league, won hegemony. Goujian Wu since been After the defeat, hardships, determined to take revenge, after decades of efforts, weakening the strong, destroy the State of Wu. Gou momentum to north, and Qi, Jin and other princes as Xu Alliance (now Shandong knee County), became dominant. < br> Various Houda Guo hegemony, shows a weakening of the Zhou monarchy. dongqian from 770 BC King Ping Luo Yi (Henan Luoyang) after the decline of the Zhou royal family even more. a former commander in chief vassal emperor, Emperor out. have a class together to seize power. Zhou slavery in the , Duke Wen of Jin Ji Chong, Chu Zhuangwang MI Brigade, Fuchai, Goujian these five princes, so the real Spring Five Hegemons should be them. At the same time with the PEP is also used high school history textbooks that claim, so more authoritative the statement said.
Duke Hsiang of Sung arrogant about Viagra by princes of Chu, and rallied to dominate the funeral of their body, one can not count Five Powerful Chiefs. but'd spring the first tyrant, save in the collapse of the Zhou Dynasty No one mentioned the Zhengzhuang Gong. Zhengzhuang Gong Five Hegemons should be considered one of the Spring and Autumn.
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Five Powerful Chiefs Spring beyond the scope of Spring and Autumn Period.
the eight following statement:
1. Qi Huan, ANESTHESIOLOGY, Chu Zhuang, lu, Gou No articles Mu, Fu 7. Both Duke and Duke Wen
unanimously, without debate. Chuzhuang Wang also overwhelmingly passed Qinmu Gong is barely more than half, the two also received considerable recognition rate. king lu and regarded Goujian temporary male, but the question is, These five can be ruled out. Section 6 point too partial to the State of Jin, but will Chuzhuang Wang excluded, it seems unreasonable.
left only the first 1 and 7 of the two, and two members of the similar, the difference is only in the Needless to say, Sima Qian to him as criticism, of course, some people expressed doubts on this matter, Sima Qian is no matter to load the scholars, the concept of the Confucian they love to show off their but also to their face painted with a layer of ;, they literally say Confucianism as a instead of ; the argument itself is very impractical, to say, resourceful Zhengzhuang Gong, Zunwangrangyi the Duke, made the Central Plains of Duke Wen of Jin tyrants, dominating the Qinmu Gong Xi Rong, aspirations to the Central Plains Chuzhuang Wang, Jin BR revival Dao Gong, vertical and horizontal JAC's king lu, dominating the southeast Yue Gou, these eight series from the entire Spring and Autumn Period, they bear witness to the vicissitudes of the centuries.
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Spring King Introduction
Zheng Zhuanggong
Hime surname, Cheng, name http Health (701 years ago 757 years ago), Spring and Autumn Period of China Zheng Guojun Lord, known as Chronology of DPRK relations started to deteriorate. During the reign of the Zhengzhuang Gong, Zheng Guoguo strong potential, and has occurred many times the war, including the duke's younger brother, Ji rebellion launched by paragraph, and beat Zhou Huan Wang led Chen, Tsai, Guo, etc. Ge Xu war coalition. especially the latter, established Zheng's became the most powerful vassal state of the Central Plains.
Zheng, Song Zheng Zhuanggong dispute is an important life events encountered one. Zheng Guodong Song neighborhood, north of the Great Patriotic. Zheng and Song, Wei has a contradiction between the two countries, at any time by Song, Wei pincer attack risk. BC 719 years, gathered, including Wei Song, Chen, Tsai, Yan, Lu, including multi-national coalition, has twice besieged Zheng, Zheng leveled much of the trend. In this case, Zheng Zhuanggong calm and not to yield. on the one hand, he strengthened the military defense, tenacious enemy; the other hand, deal with the diplomatic relations between the nations, let go, gains an enemy possible to unite all political forces that can be used. For example, Chen and Song Though there have been invaded with Cheng, but Zheng Zhuanggong active after the defeat of Chen Shih-Chen and better. Lu Cheng in cutting aid troops in the Battle of the Song, but Zhengzhuang Gong Lu has not hate on, but the initiative to show good summation Lu, until became allies. Qi was the princes in power, and Qi Zheng Zhuanggong very close attention to the relationship between the forces to take advantage of Qi to contain the Song. In addition, with the week against each other, but also very careful strategy. Although defeated Wang Shi, who king of the night to make Jizhong workers; hates week had abandoned the king, the king has the authority to use the week to combat enemies. before 713 years War Song, by denouncing the sin of the public do not move the Zhou, Zheng Zhuanggong United Qi and Lu of the division to the orders of Fa Song emperor. Qi and Lu in the military defeat of Song Jian (now Wu County southeast of Shandong Province), ZHENG first captured Song Gao (now Wu County, Shandong East), anti-(now Shandong Jinxiang West), then beat Song, Cai, Wei three coalition, eventually yielding Song.
Zheng Zhuanggong Hero I, but There are also two major political mistake. an important mistake is the Prince during his lifetime did not suddenly (ie Zhengzhao Gong) the bit to make proper arrangements so that his death, which plunged into Zhengzhao Gong and Zheng Zheng Guoli Li Gong (son of the conflict) of the war, so that Jun Zheng two side by side to form the chaos, damage a long time. Another important mistake is the high re-canal indemnity, which has left serious troubles for the state of Zheng. Zhuang Mi want to establish channels for the high Qing, when the Prince of Zhao Gong opposition , the duke did not listen and insisted on using high-channel Mi Renda Chen. and Zhao Gong King and high drainage Mi took the opportunity to kill the fear Zhao Gong himself, with Zhao Gong will take the machine out of the city hunting, shooting Zhao Gong, Quan Chen Jizhong with conspiracy to change legislation Zhao Gongdi King and Son PROCEEDINGS.
Zheng Zhuanggong reigned forty-three years, in 701 BC, and Qi, Wei, Song and other major powers allied princes, seem to be the feudal overlord. but only a few months after the death of a , Zheng also increased from gloom and doom.
Duke Huan of Qi during the Spring and Autumn
Duke fifteenth monarchs, the surname Jiang, Lu, were white, Qi Lu Zhu Xianggong children's younger brother, AD 685 ~ 643 before the reign of the former, is the first monarch to dominate the Central Plains.
Qi Xianggong is a tyrannical monarch, domestic discontent, all resentment. white palace remonstrate, Xianggong not listen. he's in the Baoshuya persuasion, that ran to the Chu State. 685 BC, the Zudi Xianggong minister Kung-sun ignorance and even said to the father of management collusion coup, killing Xianggong, usurped the throne. more than a month after the killing of Qi Lu ignorance prepared to meet the escapade in the state of Lu Xiao Bai's brother returned to the throne the son of correction. and domestic Gao, the country's support for such noble white throne. white back together all the first corner and Linzi, when on the monarch, that is, Duke. He re-Guan Zhong, let go, was appointed his assistant, son of Guan Zhong correction phase power. under the auspices of the Guan Zhong, Duke in the political, economic, and military aspects, a series of reforms, especially in light of local conditions, the development of fisheries, Strong up the Qi Guofu, laid the foundation for the final dominate.
order to expand the influence of his Xing Bing Fa Lu, victory, then the occupation of the state of Lu Yi. and then return the seized land war, countries that princes He is a credible virtuous king, willing, and his allies, his fame. Duke to send envoy to worship the throne just weeks Xi Wang, won the bet the king's favor. He convened a meeting of States lords to the north of apricot, was elected chief, and later with the song in the quiet, fish, health, and Cao drink eight countries such as the League of blood, Qi dominate the situation was finally established, the Duke became the first spring and tyrants (the Duke Huan died in 643 BC. His five sons vying for positions and engaged in civil war for the body buried in the death of 67 days. This time, Qi, intensified social contradictions, he will record the dominance of the decline.
晋文公
Ji Xing, Jin's, name, Chong, Jun Jin Guoguo twenty-four. Duke, the Central Plains there is no real dominant until the Duke Wen of Jin (previous 636 ~ 628 years before the ruling) when the re- move reform the political, economic development, fought through, credibility, stability and the royal family, and good state of Qin, national Dasheng. Fangwen Gong came to the throne when the civil unrest of Zhou, Xiang Wang confronted by danger and fled to the Zheng. Zhaocui that the wengong : two years (before 633), capital of Song surrounded Chu Shangqiu. times early lead Duke Wen of Jin Qi, Song, Qin Army Chengpu (now Southwest Juan City, Shandong) and Chu war.
the Chu Guoli States now, never losing the war, records, and even the Duke did not dare go to war with the people of Chu, it was all that Jin will be lost.
the Lord Wen former exile to return the goods with him, Chu Chengwang Well, insist on concessions three homes (approximately 45 km) before engagement. the enemy fled before the retreat is tantamount to no war, for Lord Wen under great pressure, and even came within Jin Chu Chengwang down his dream of being in manner, taking brain, so decisive was scared to give up rumors. But Jin won the final battle. the Jin Jing Man Chu Shan Rong Dajun broke the unbeaten ranks of the myth.
晋文公 way home princes in practice on the General Assembly (now in Henan Zhengzhou North), the emperor sent someone to cover it as call the meeting. 晋文公 by Chu and dominate over the princes. wengong death, Jin still maintaining the centuries-old dominance.
Chuzhuang Wang
Chuzhuang Wang is the king of Chu during the Spring and Autumn, Mi name, Xiong, name brigades (one for the companion), Chu Mu Chen Xiong, son of business, 613 BC ~ 591 years before the reign.
Chu was originally a South Fangxiao Guo, through the King Wen, as after the development of the king, to Mu gradually to a halt when the state. Zhuangwang yet ascended the throne at the age of less than 20 years of age, domestic contradictions, broke his two sons-sup and sub-master instrument launched rebellion. Although it is time to quell rebellion, but he was the child owners, it was a not a small test and negative start. in a complex situation, he took to observing dynamic response, showing indulge in sensual pleasures, do not ask the status of political affairs.
Three years later, he Chu State Council and the various characters have a basic understanding. He reused Wu Ju, Su and other Zhongzhi from the minister, who came to invade the Yong Gongmie country, so that the forces of Chu extension to the northwest. He was appointed Sun Shuao Yoshitada, Sun Shuao humbly listen to the views of governing the country. Zhuangwang during the reign of the upper and lower harmony monarch, unanimously. He led the law enforcement, attention to social production, economic development, full strength. He ruled that the state of Chu and pragmatic social stability, and the people frugal people's lives have improved.
Chu to north central China, feudal hegemony, we must first win over its neighbor's Zheng. Beilin defeated Chu in the team after Jin Guojun, Zheng began to take orders from the state of Chu , but still wavering. to strive to become dominant, Chu Jin for a long time between the wars, the last victory Chu, revered earthquake, the country at high potential, and Jin decline in the prestige of small States, lost their ability to govern. Soon, Chuzhuang Wang Xiao exterminate the country, but also attack the Song for three consecutive years, forcing the Song to the Chu Sum. Chuzhuang Wang Yin Ma Yellow River, the Central Plains aspirations to realize their aspirations to dominate. Central Plains States princes of Chu toe, stuck, there will of those who dare to go against the state of Chu, Chu Guobing by the front, which did not quickly collapse.
Chuzhuang Wang successive military forces, but he try to make do farm work in the right season for compassionate people to appease, to get the support of the people, it is his genius. He is also a foreign war and the strategies taken by Wade, not just focus on pros and cons of a particular piece of land, but more focus on ethics orientations , orders the world, which makes the dominance of his ultimately successful.
Duke Hsiang of Sung
Duke Hsiang of Sung (? ~ pre 637), Song of the monarch Spring and Autumn Period (650 to before 637 before), the son of Duke Huan Song, sub- surname, Song, were hereby Fu, ascended the throne in 650 BC. Song was originally a weekly neutrinos Kai Shang aristocracy closure States, territory of today's eastern Henan and Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui border region, the capital is Shangqiu ( Today Shangqiu). to the time when Duke Hsiang of Sung, the burgeoning national power, and its desire to dominate the Central Plains has become even more intense.
645 and 643 BC, the achievements of the dominance of the Zhong Qi, Duke have died. Huan death, his five sons to fight for the Throne internal conflict happened, Yiya power collusion palace rebellion, without loss of King and son stand. Qi also gradually decline due to civil strife and national strength, completely lost its dominance. 642 BC , the ambitious Duke Hsiang of Sung took the opportunity to joint Cao, Wei, Zhu and other countries sent troops to attack the State and to support the refuge's son fled to Song became a Qiguo Guo Jun Zhao (ie Qixiao Gong). Duke Hsiang of Sung by the princes of this States praised the status of Song has also been improved. The intent of Duke Hsiang of Sung inherited counting on the status of Duke Huan of Qi active set, more and more ambitious attempt to dominate the Central Plains. BC 639, Duke Hsiang of Sung launched the deer on the ( Song, the now Anhui Fuyang South) of the Union. In this regard, the minister of state son of the Head Song Yi (Duke Hsiang of Sung's Shu-brother) has repeatedly remonstrate Duke Hsiang of Sung said: ! , a way to raise their prestige. In autumn, the Duke Hsiang of Sung and around Chu, Chen, Cai, Zheng, Xu, Cao Jun and other countries of the Alliance in Yu (Song, the current environment Sui County in Henan.) attending the appointment Duke Hsiang of Sung Yi objectives do not listen to advice, insisted on non-military forces, and has set an ambush in the Yu Chu, captured Duke Hsiang of Sung. then revolted Fa Song of Chu, but was led by Yi Song Guojun target people stubborn resistance Chu Wai Song are several months old and can not overcome. After mediation by the public Xi Lu, Duke Hsiang of Sung Chu was only release.
Throughout his life by the Duke Hsiang of Sung, the person he really is a Zhidacaishu. Duke died , the princes of the strongest Chu, Chu Chengwang actually dominate the Central Plains. And the Song is a weak country, a small force of a single country, unable to dominate the original, but the Duke Hsiang of Sung was presumptuous, bent in a vain attempt Chu hegemony. Chu Song with the political contest, and always at a disadvantage, a failure Zaibai. to determine their fate in the battle of Hung, he speak about virtue and morality, sticking to the ancient righteousness. Five Powerful Chiefs Spring and Autumn, Well, the birth rate Qinde Gong Jia Zhao, Qin Xuangong Zhao Tian, Zhao Qin Chenggong brother set out, in ~ 659 BC, 621 years before the reign, as long as 39 years, there is a history of Qin as the monarch. During his reign, the revised national policy, external map dominance, the unification of this, Gansu, Ningxia and other places, Qin began to rise.
originally lived in the Qin Qin Pavilion (now Gansu Zhangjiachuan) tribes around the name of a win. Qin Xianggong due to escort King Ping dongqian active, called the princes, gave Qi west, the official founding. verses, Nanjing, Wuhan, Germany, announced gentlemen, Qin's territory continued eastward, to the Mugong the throne, has been occupied more than half Guanzhong.
Qinmu Gong's reign, ambitious, work hard and forge ahead. He reuse Baili Xi, Jian Shu and other Yoshiomi, the implementation of the policy Fuguojiangbing, relying on their Xiuming political, military development, production incentives, the national power greatly enhanced. Qinmu Gong talented people, to break the boundaries of respectable and humble, noble people outside the selection, the choice of who defected to other countries to come, such as Baili Xi was a servant, he used five sheep to Baili Xi Chu changed from back. When more than seventy years old Baili Xi was escorted back to the state of Qin, the Qinmu Gong personally for him to open the shackles, and he talks the country is. Mugong again Baili Xi's recommendation will be invited Jian Shu Qin, appointed He is the doctor. Qinmu Gong practice of talented persons that he is a full vision of the monarch.
personnel have to complete dominance, but also must have the support of the people. Qinmu Gong attaches great importance to people's support or oppose, so implemented some measures to ease class conflict, to reduce the burden on the people. He stressed that to win the trust. Jin famine, the state of Qin for help, he did not count past grievances, to a large number of food to the state of Jin, it could not make people suffer. Shanxi States have praised his greatness subjects, and his prestige greatly enhanced. which makes him popular support, and support the lower masses, with the hegemony of the foundation. In diplomacy, Qinmu Gong is also useful strategy. in order to open access, competition Pa central China, he used marriage alliance with the Jin to compete amongst the strongest teams and the Central Plains. He married the daughter of Mu Ji Jin Xiangong do his wife and took his daughter to marry Lord Wen Huai win and help Duke Wen of Jin in the City defeated in the Battle of Pu Chu. 晋文公 death, Qinmu Gong that the time has come to, want to replace Jin as overlord. to stabilize the rear, his best offensive Xi Rong. Xi Rong Qin refers to spread in the vast region west of the nation state Rong . He defected to come through the understanding of the Xi Rong States by Yu mountains situation, deployment of troops, with total alienation, badger and other strategies, highlighting Jones, launched a full attack, conquer these countries, expanding to a thousand miles. In this way, the East from Shaanxi, the junction of the Yellow River in Shanxi, has been to the far West, are all controlled by the state of Qin, Qinmu Gong has finally become the overlord of the West. This is the development of Chinese society has a positive role in accelerating the national integration, the economic development of the state of Qin. Qin Mugong create the dominance of the Qin Dynasty unified the Warring States to lay the foundation for the whole of China.
Mugong thirty years (before 621 BC), Qinmu Gong died, buried in Yong (now the southeast of Shaanxi Fengxiang), sacrificial death of a hundred seventy-seven people, including three sons of Um Ziyu's interest, Jones Lang LaSalle, needle tiger. The three are kind, chivalrous, people in Taiwan have grieved, Fu Cang those days, my beloved, J; as Callable Xi, people a hundred of their body! They in return!
king lu
also for the 496 years of reign. Wu is a Spring and Autumn Period of the Yangtze River country, was originally a vassal state of Chu, Wu, Wu Junshou dreams have begun to emerge. Jin and Chu hegemony to take joint strategy for Chu Wu system, sending Chu Chen Wu Chen death came with a group of tanks Wu, who teaches Wu car, Yu radio, array, Wu Jun, which learned of the car wars. In addition, Wu and Jin friendly terms, the economy, culture has been development of national strength gradually stronger. So, Wu Junshou dream slowly sprouted out of the country's intentions, since the number king, with the desire on the southern powers Chu race on the battlefield. BC 584 years, Wu Jun, Qi Lu Dajun water out of New , has captured the state of Chu to the Huaihe River city. After nearly 70 years, the two sides have occurred ten large-scale war, a few into the feud. In this ten war, Wu Jun victory six times, once victory Chu, the outcome of each other three times. BC 515, the Wuguo Gong Wu won the sub-light the throne, said the king lu. lu reign, determined to dominate the world.
strongly with political courage of the lu collecting personnel and adopt good way to listen to voice of the people. He died appointment of the Chu-chen Wu, Wu's suggestions to listen to its revitalization. he built the castle, set the garrison, the accumulation of grain, enriched Hyogo, prepare to dominate the princes. After years of efforts, Wu has grown in strength, the people clothed willing to sacrifice for the country. In order to give some color to see the state of Chu, who perished in one fell swoop a vassal Xu Chu, Chu had no alternative to this, he watched king Xu .
has a strong economic strength, fought through Helv began to shift the focus of military development. His appointment of Wu Wu to help him train his soldiers to meet the vassal state of war with the needs of the Central Plains. and reuse of military strategist Sun Wu, improve the tactical ability; to intensify production of a sharp sword for war purposes. everything is ready, lu the first targeting the powerful state of Chu. 506 BC, the Wu Tang joint, Cai China , large-scale attack on the Chu, Chu collapse of ground, often embarrassed coach Yoshitada son fled, Wu Jun victory, and after several battles, into the Chu capital of Ying. Chuzhao Wang panic fled, after with the help of Duke Ai Qin was re- back to the capital. After the victory over Chu, Helv more countries turned to the edge, and began the necessary condition for battles in Vietnam. In 496 BC, when fighting in the armed forces, he was unfortunately Yuejun arrows from the hit, injured death.
Goujian
also for the Gou, BC 496 ~ 465 years before the reign, the more often the son of Wang Yun was dominant last Spring and Autumn Period, the famous statesman and military strategist.
Zhou Jing Wang twenty-four years (formerly 496) , the more often die Wang Yun, Gou ascended the throne. As often refused to help his father Wu Yun Chu attack, but also supports self-Fugai Helv brother, the two forged a vendetta. king lu Xingbing to take advantage of the occasion more Sangluan cutting more, Gou revolted against. Wu Jun defeat lu died on his way home by Jianshang. his son king did reign, he never forgets revenge patricide, spent more than two years training. 494 BC, Wu Yuefu Law of war, Gou anything, trapped in Kuaijishan.
defeated the Gou listened to the subjects as language versions, the views of Fan Li, Wu promised to the sum of base words, waiting for an opportunity to re-map the great cause. lingual by Wu Chen Bo Pi to persuade more countries king accept the sum, Gou Wu wife into slavery.
Gou Wu arrived in all, the king intends to humiliate him, to his grave to live in a stone house Helv keep feeding the grave horses, and sometimes also deliberately go out riding his horse to walk in front of people. Gou bite the bullet, to coax the king did, so obedience is better than the servant of Fu Chai men. Hsi sick, Gou went greetings, but also opened the toilet Fu Chai cover just pull the stool observing, understanding the condition of Fu Chai. time for the past 3 years, as Gou dedicated to serve, together with Bo Pi sent from time to time to accept the text submitted by the species in the Hsi Lai Gou Jian to talk about things before, so that the king did Gou has really surrender, decided to put his wife and Fan Li Gou home.
Gou back to Vietnam after the country, hardships, good governance. Zhou Jing Wang four years (before 478), the Wu case of severe drought and famine for many years, granary empty, hungry people, more to eat in the East China Sea, Gou Chengxi attack Wu. Yuejun feint to the two wings of the central break, continuous offensive tactics, defeated Wu Jun in the Lize (now Suzhou South). Hsi see the hopeless situation, to commit suicide and die. Gou rate win the division, the North crossing the River, and Qi, Jin and other Congress in Xuzhou (now Shandong Tengxian). Zhou Yuan Wang sent envoys sent by the sacrifice, Gou Feng as the . Since then, Yuejun rampant JAC area, princes do to Zhao He, Gou's complete dominance.
when Gou just dominate the Conquest of Wu, his men has been called the largest contributor to the General Fan Li, Fan Li knew then lived under the difficult name the public, after the business and wealth. Fan Li had sent someone to the text caused by the book kind of, that Why do not you? 496 - before 473) the eldest son of Prince poured. Family Temple name Wu Yingzong, posthumous title of King of Wu at the end, 473 years before the reign of 495 years ago, a total of 23 years. To comply with the defeated Yue King Gou Jian's father lu's teachings, then on the throne to Bo Pi as Taizai, Wu drill with the veteran troops to revenge. The following year the State of Yue defeated in Cardiff Law, break all the more (now in Shaoxing, Zhejiang), the more yield. 486 BC, Han ditch open, connected Yangtze River and Huai, opened a lead of Song, Lu waterways, press on the Central Plains. Later, Ai Ling (now Shandong Taian) defeated Qi. AD ...
Monday, December 20, 2010
UBS diary site, etc. (a total of seven parts)
This is the first University of Economics and 05 Wing Ying (the Arab States) written by the students, the blog is only reproduced, transmitted body of intellectual feast
:
as boundless and deep; infinite truth, let me try Try to seek to follow.
I am looking at the stars, it is so solemn and holy; that Lin natural justice, so I am full of love, awe.
I am looking at the stars, it is so free and peaceful; that open minds, let my soul habitat, snuggling.
I looking at the stars, it is so magnificent and brilliant; eternal hot, so ignited hope in my heart Lie Yan spring thunder.
mm
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Premier of the poet to a new book begins to do, because I am very touched, perhaps, we walk among the bustling busy city, and perhaps We are looking back at is full of dim light, we just ignore the blue sky overhead.
Premier Wen Jiabao visited Tongji University in the time made reference to Hegel's philosophy: hope; a nation only concerned about the foot thing, that there is no future. learn knowledge and skills to be a concern for the destiny of the people. prohibited content by way of illustrations made in the 23-26 floor)
UBS location, location celebration UBS, BNP Paribas and other site Diary:
With UBS CEO Marcel b Ronald personal letter on the desk the mayor of Beijing, UBS final word, its Asia-Pacific corporate banking headquarters in Beijing, UBS will be located in Beijing's seventh foreign banks.
logo forward to several months in Beijing and Shanghai for the final competition UBS site a stop. I have witnessed in Beijing for UBS settled the whole process, during which the feelings and experience bit by bit fresh. heart for Some of the more extensive the heavy sense of responsibility to the world burst out in an instant spark of the most beautiful.
UBS and Deutsche Bank previously stationed in Beijing, is leading the world's largest bank, regardless of its influence, capital, power, etc. , for Beijing the next most important pillar industry financial development and accelerate the process of urban modernization, optimization of financial and investment environment, improve the financing capacity of Beijing and the overall competitiveness of great significance, UBS controls the wealth of the world's leading financial groups, with the most Private banking and private wealth of the most advanced concepts, its investment banking division is the world's top team. UBS to determine if the location, where the city will bring great wealth and a domino effect, as the follow-up brought the international financial giants siting point to the role.
the financial industry in the last round of competition for resources in the city, Beijing was awarded the Deutsche Bank, JP Morgan Chase Bank, Royal Bank of Canada, Zurich Financial and the Bank of Korea's three corporate-owned banks, the biggest rival in Beijing Shanghai has won the Citibank, HSBC, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, and about to be merged in the Dutch bank's corporate banking, competition for resources UBS is particularly important, UBS as the balance weight, regardless of which site cities, will bring very strong for the follow-up to leverage on the Chinese mainland a major impact on the financial arrangement. For Beijing, the Olympics will rapidly improve the city's influence, how the Olympic economy turning the power and influence Beijing Olympic Games after a strong economic and social sustainable development, industrial upgrading is before us the outstanding issues. the most important part is that after the Olympic Games entered the world's leading consortia, UBS will become the important factor to consider them. Now Little disclose that Goldman Sachs, Societe Generale Bank, Temasek investment banks have entered the site schedule, which will be just the beginning.
sober in the city just when the new day, In most people do not know UBS and as important as the Olympic Games in Beijing, I can participate in the team, is self-evident sense of responsibility in mind, maybe in the future, there is not much between me and UBS, but to see Beijing hundreds of thousands employed by UBS and the arrival of more than 500 downstream firms to obtain stable and peaceful life, I think of friends, saying: heart with the Lord.
I want to thank all the help my people, especially the Gang, you can give me the opportunity, in fact, was the celebration when I do an analysis at the report, was surprised to find that Beijing is already on the delegation won in Beijing on behalf of The average age group is only 31 years old, and Shanghai is 58 years old.
location problem can be described as UBS's twists and turns, the external report last year, UBS first revealed the location of Asia-Pacific corporate banking headquarters in mainland China's intention, Beijing acutely aware of this trend, including the composition of Commerce in Beijing Investment Promotion Bureau, Beijing Financial Street, CBD, and a coalition of two major financial trade associations and other financial leadership office, responsible for the work of UBS settled.
UBS intention to report the release site, made a number of conditions, throughout China, to meet these conditions, the only Beijing,UGG boots, Tianjin and Shanghai, before the deadline, three cities have offered an olive branch of UBS, UBS hopes can be settled locally incorporated banks, and the report made specific application. I specifically responsible for this application report, financial and investment environment in Beijing, the analysis of relevant text and specific financial incentives of the table-top exercises.
in the office meeting, I am very objective analysis of the competitiveness of Beijing, Tianjin, though beyond, but inferior to Shanghai, Shanghai is the economic center of the central government appointed, the financial investment environment than Beijing, whether hardware or software conditions, to compete with Beijing are at a disadvantage. to UBS specific business perspective, the Asia Pacific Greater China business mainly in Hong Kong, Taipei and Shanghai, to Beijing's business involves very little, which is a disadvantage. Even in terms of financial incentives, in the sandbox deduction, we also similar in Shanghai, will not account for advantages. in the construction of urban infrastructure, despite Beijing in rapid city to the ranks of the world's top forward, but the gap is still evident, major cities, the disease is not an overnight thing to solve . the influence of the Olympic Games more reflected in the cultural and commercial context, the role of brand value was in the city, and for the siting of the financial consortium, the financial environment, especially its business focus will undoubtedly be more attractive.
I also analyzed the case of Tianjin, Tianjin view from Tianjin have some advantages not available in Beijing, Tianjin Binhai New Area is a national strategy, and its preferential policies can not be achieved in Beijing, senior UBS executives and central government have access to, even though the surface Look location of the central government UBS neutral, but in fact, in the Binhai New Area's development and the strategic level to consider the layout of the Chinese economy, the central government is inclined to Tianjin Binhai New Area.
Beijing from Shanghai on the hardware at a disadvantage , policy support is also at a disadvantage on Tianjin.
in the office, but I made very clear at the meeting, UBS UBS location decisions are final and not central government, Tianjin foundation is weak, financial institutions did not form chains, so far not a world-class corporate banking settled in Tianjin, we can actually win the final by virtue of a policy change. I said at the table-top exercises, UBS is only impossible because of the financial chain of a site in Tianjin, so the outset to determine the main rivals in Beijing Shanghai, but Shanghai is not completed the judge, blind to the financial policy of playing cards, not to distinguish between real opponents, in terms of access to the circumstances that Shanghai, the Shanghai area in the UBS executives have made a final decision more than 40 hours after The first will be to determine UBS is still out in Beijing. In Shanghai, over-optimistic estimates of its own on the UBS investment environment to attract, starting from its lockout of competitors in Tianjin that UBS relatively progressive leaders more interested in Tianjin, and conservative leaders more interested in Shanghai, of UBS, UBS executives that should be more inclined to Shanghai.
and we also made this conclusion, but we take into account the actual situation in the final, UBS Asia-Pacific region to determine the most direct impact will be the last element of UBS, the fact is that, when informed of the decision-making power given to UBS Asia Pacific, Shanghai was not ready, very hasty.
I made some proposals, and practice in the follow-up was a great harvest, Shanghai has its obvious advantages may be lost UBS as a financial carrier may have some surprise. I proposed the idea of the main highlights Beijing's cultural strengths and UBS's corporate culture similar, highlighting the energy of the Olympic Games, highlighting Beijing Financial Street and CBD as well as two brand and good interaction between the highest levels of government, that highlight the center of Beijing with financial management, control more than 85% of the country's financial capital, and highlight the special situation in China, and his party Three Council (the People's Bank of China, CSRC, CBRC, CIRC) where the significance of the development of foreign banks.
UBS Beijing delegation made it clear to Beijing to convey the advantages of high-rise: the number of corporate financial institutions in Beijing among the nation's First, the added value of Beijing, the financial share of GDP, ranking first in the country, Beijing ranked first in the amount of financial assets, the Beijing tax contribution rate of a single industry ranks first in the country, Beijing financial corporate income tax in the nation , during which there have been many favorable situation in Beijing, the Third High Level Forum on China Headquarters Economy, The results show, Beijing (88.09 points), Shanghai (85.53 points), Guangzhou (76.88 points), Shenzhen (74.63 points) 4 wing out the city's economic development capacity of the headquarters city of the first level, behind 5-10 in the city are: Nanjing, Hangzhou, Tianjin, Chengdu, Qingdao and Wuhan.
most worried about foreign banks for administrative costs, and Beijing also showed the advantages of their own, in the to economic efficiency, structural efficiency, social efficiency, staff efficiency, development efficiency, environmental efficiency of six indicators to measure the average nearly three hundred cities in China Management Comprehensive efficiency index, Beijing, the third consecutive year ranked first in the country, a province of China City management efficiency of the city for three consecutive years ranked in overall efficiency index and efficiency index structure first.
these, all the data and reports, both for UBS chose to lay the foundation for Beijing.
determined to UBS in Beijing The determining factor is that we showed the trump card: the restructuring of UBS Securities in Beijing, the foreign investment banks, this is equivalent to several years in advance to get tickets for the Chinese stock market is significant, Mayor Wang said, with Beijing Securities UBS cooperation, Beijing is an innovation in the financial sector and the attempt.
view in Beijing, Beijing Securities renamed UBS Securities and UBS corporate banks to be established should be one, are UBS After a trade-off's, the UBS balance began to tend to Beijing.
8 29, the king met with the mayor of UBS Group CEO Marcel. Rh?ne line. During the meeting, Wang said: Beijing is to develop high-end services, financial industry is one of them. Marcel. Ronaldinho was also said that Beijing's financial markets to international financial institutions are very attractive.
the meeting eventually led to UBS settled in Beijing .
Another point, also played a crucial role, the mayor Wang, Beijing is definitely so much to get the line IPO bank to do the same, and perhaps to whom are the same, the decision on who the key to the background of strong relationship between the hard-who, I am Pharaoh strong background in finance has always been confident.
Jun was in the East Wyatt's celebration meeting, Pharaoh was actually so easy-going, said: moment br> This is, for the particular class of the Beijing students learn critical financial, imagine, if all of the Asia Pacific headquarters in Shanghai, the people who work in Beijing, you will always be a barrier more than others, branches and head office is not the same.
three in the afternoon of celebration, all members of the Beijing delegation and city leaders have participated in the morning, Xiao-Hong Li on behalf of the Secretary-General informed me that the youngest members of the delegation to speak, I did not preparation, deep fear, but it can be infected in an atmosphere, to say the usually very difficult to say anything, the period: Because we work together today, and received tens of thousands of families a quiet and peaceful, when lighted, my heart will be meditation, the heart with the Lord UBS small gift Giannini and Blue Mountain Coffee coffee maker, the Swiss are cautious, or chat in the intention to say, I like the Blue Mountains, like Mandailing.
UBS site in Beijing, Chen Gang Meets Calyon of France, president of International Operations Bernard Mignucci, China, President Xavier Roux, The fifth in the world of financial institutions based in Hong Kong to determine the company's Asia Pacific headquarters to Beijing CBD. So far, Beijing has received 11 foreign banks in corporate banking, more than 9 in Shanghai.
followed by Alcoa World 500 Asia Pacific headquarters officially moved from Tokyo to Beijing CBD.
economic observers the next day to make way for a small newsletter such a report: the world's 500 representative offices in China, offices and nearly 6 percent of China Head Office in Beijing, including Beijing 293, accounting for 58%, 180 Shanghai, accounting for 36%, other cities accounted for only 6%. < br> Beijing 1983 and removed in the central District has not achieved a breakthrough, I think there will come a day when we actually get a financial center, rather than what the textbook above to a supporting role only.
in UBS and Calyon, we are the same people trying to be more indicative of the Paris bank, has already reached a consensus on technical, not surprisingly, then, will be in a month Beijing official to determine location, and followed by Goldman Sachs in this world-renowned, is only a matter of time. BNP Paribas in Beijing moved to seal the victory will be locked in advance, the new Asia-Pacific financial center will in this ancient city on the rise of the year 3000, which the city into the future power of the world as much as the city held an Olympic Games, this momentum will be sustained, lasting for inject new vitality into the city.
I think, over a decade later, if you have a chance, take the road in the Street, or CBD, in the lanterns season and look to the sky, without any language, mind would have thought that I had been there. have not only been to. (1 / 6, Continued on back)
(log school recognized for being the third paragraph of prohibited content in the manner illustrated in the 23-26 House Development ~ Thank you.)
images associated with this log:
symbol of post-modern industrial civilization Beiyuan North Station
I shot the Mid-Autumn Festival night premiere of the National Theatre: sent down from the sky like a Galaxy practice
my recent favorite piano sheet music the opening of the first page
2007.4.19, equivalent to Meron on Nanjing West Road Shanghai CITIC Pacific town + + Lung + + Isetan + Jiuguang Yaohan, the Central Plaza, Hong Kong more than the equivalent of 12 Xidan Dorset, and has nearly 1,000 international top brands of the world's fifth in Asia A Shin Kong Commercial aircraft carrier mm, the Panasonic is not only the experience store in Osaka than Tokyo's third outside the home, Panasonic is the world's largest store experience. With the CTS CTS Commercial Street Mall and the opening, even as Shin Kong will a whole.
about 9.17 is comparable to the opening of the Shin Kong Financial Street mall, indicate full Beyond Beijing Shanghai commercial real estate era
than 798 on the art of Heaven, Great Wall Great Wall
Commune by the legends of the future technology
Nissan PIVO II
Yong Ying (the Arab States) dividing line -
CBD core area of discussion and planning for complete financial settlement center will work diary
in Ruiyin Qing Shortly after the Pearl in the Jun Wang Fu Peninsula Convention Center, Municipal Standing Committee and the Mayor's office of the enlarged meeting convened by the CBD and the CBD core area of the CMC plans to participate in the discussion. this meeting taking into consideration some of the privacy plan not publicly, I am here to write a diary on a personal activity. VI subway line in the previous plans leaked, any staff member of the mobile phones and electronic devices are not allowed in the venue, so I and text from memory generally describe the part can be made public.
First of all, the mayor heard the CBD CBD Administrative Committee on Intelligent Transportation System Design Underground report, although subject to a number of geological impact, but in principle, to declare to the National Development and Reform Commission program is a foregone conclusion, CBD will cost tens of billions in its core area in recent construction of underground transport network line, the future, in the heart of the city area, the ground will be no vehicles. (where to put the East Third Ring?)
urban construction units the person in charge, reported CCTV new site construction work, and now CCTV new site construction has entered the most difficult stage, is expected in January 2009 for completion around 2010 CCTV will be fully relocated, the project does not affect the 2008 Olympic Games broadcast, involving Olympic broadcast project has been basically completed, TVCC also entered the final construction stage, in the provision of the report, the dynamic investment is close to billions.
meeting focused on the core area of CBD building programs and future stock trading center for the third and completely discussion of the financial settlement center. As for the third stock exchange and financial settlement center is the detailed planning report I wrote, I made a report on behalf of CBD Management Committee.
first talk about the core area, CBD core area There are four options, A program of the most daring and forward-looking, the case in the core area of the construction tentatively as I can only remember a general description of what the Chinese what the World Trade Center twin towers 666 meters high, more than doubled over CWTC3, very beautiful, whole body transparent, and the design unique. completed, not only will become the first high will also be the first height of the Asia-Pacific, excluding China World Trade Center, the building in its surrounding facilities, and at least three buildings in the 400 + or more, tentatively called the case skyscraper buildings will form the City. in the vicinity of the central area outside the core area, will build a large church and financial Museum. the project site to be determined.
currently held in the Olympic Games approaching, the state's restrictions on Beijing high or is limited, so the core area of land not immediately enter the market, huge ambitions and China's World Trade Center, the City plans will enter the operational phase, after the Olympics, at this stage still Guanghua Hotel, on the altar high school, demolition of the main nuclear instrument factory, the early 90s that cover the landscape impact of CBD giant sand table model does not do it, although not included in the service building demolition plan, but I highly doubt it is there life span of five years. but had to find a willing to pay re-cover the money the developer Caixing.
China World Trade Centre, Centre for the use of the nations will be a large area of the core of the financial, insurance, media, consulting for the secondary, defined as foreign financial headquarters base and in the future cover options, Complete stock trading center of financial settlement center, which will depend on whether Beijing to secure the third stock exchange in China, ;, is China the third stock exchange clearing house, the state has released this is the intention, according to geographical distribution is very likely in the north, specifically, of the Beijing and Tianjin, the current competition is very fierce, Binhai New Area has a policy advantage.
Beijing plans to more than just stock trading center, but covers full options, futures and other trading centers, including the country's first full financial settlement center, when Beijing will form a financial settlement center, financial center and financial headquarters decision-making centers of the situation, CBD and the Financial Street will be shared.
significant progress in Beijing after the Nasdaq is stationed in CBD, Beijing is seen as building a financial settlement center signal, although the actual meaning is almost zero. But process than the result, Beijing is the first step.
I access a wealth of information, in fact, historically, Beijing should have Stock Exchange. This is an excerpt from my report:
China's first a stock exchange approved by the official establishment of .1918 years in Beijing, the Northern Government approved the establishment of the before and after establishment of the People's Republic, in order to ease the hot money, financial stability, economic recovery, had in June 1949 and February 1950 has set up in Tianjin, Beijing Stock Exchange, Stock Exchange and the reform and opening up
the early 90s securities transactions, running. STAQ system is a computer network based on a comprehensive securities trading over the counter market, the system center is located in Beijing.
China Securities Trading System Co., Ltd. developed and designed by NET system is, in April 1993 28 put into trial operation. The system is more than 100 cities across the country using satellite data communication network connecting the computer network system for securities transactions and provide centralized quotation of securities, clearing, settlement, registration, hosting, consulting and other services Systems Center in Beijing.
1999 年 9 月 9 日 due to trading system, the current situation is entirely since the late 90's, Securities Trading Center.
Center is a return to the Securities and Exchange takes a long time effort, but we are ready, their conditions are very mature, regardless of who is to operate, will stick to the end, the financial center for Asia-Pacific and China's financial settlement center.
So far, Beijing, Tianjin competitors out in the report card is still zero, forcing executives to seriously review its policies with the Binhai New Area operability. In fact, as an offshore center in Tianjin and Beijing's port, insist on a financial basis for building a financial center where the weak, it is the way to make ends meet. Oumen are just worried in Tianjin high-level exchanges and boosting the upstate economy won linked to referred to as China has fully opened the third stock exchange, from the geographical point of view, it should be assigned to the North in the affirmative. from the perspective of history and urban infrastructure, Beijing is undoubtedly the biggest competitors, we are back, not to join, compared to Shanghai We earlier stock exchange in the basic judgments that, in 2015, China will inevitably set up a third securities (stock) trading center, its location must in the North, Beijing, accounting for 8 percent chance of winning, because apparently in 2015, Tianjin, do not have the radiation north, with the first-tier cities in China (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen) compete for the basis of financial resources, access to the Asia-Pacific financial center in the per capita GDP of Beijing exceeded ten thousand dollars after the sustainable development of post-industrial era to address the economic impact of the Olympic valleys, are vitally important, Beijing has also reached a consensus on this issue comprehensively, the mayor instructed episode, in discussing the core planning programs, some of the city of Beijing should not undermine the coordination of the ground, seriously oppose the A plan, at the most intense debate, I do not know which nerve is causing trouble, pound the table once stood up, right about face those opponents said a meal: Sorry, did not seem to control the hh
but still achieved very good results, and finally A program was supported by the vast majority of people. I also won the , is the youngest daughter of Chen Jing Chen Gang played, she did a little of her father's sense of humor, less than a day, authoritarian side, ah, that's it.
mayor's office, I also got from the Gang was a big one, commissioned by the State Council Development Research Center of Beijing, the capital of financial development made the relevant issues. < br> Mid-Autumn Festival and National Theatre premiere of the completion ceremony of China Central Place, a diary
ago I had the pleasure to participate in, the latter did not participate. put together to write, because the two really big things.
before Mid-Autumn Festival, Gang said to send us a gift, did not think was actually the National Grand Theater premiere tickets. National Theatre premiere of the theater audience is mainly builders, builders of the Olympic Games, local relocation, of course but also some reservations, I'll keep that part of the participants belong.
National Theatre premiere of the very strange, I mean the political atmosphere is very strange.
completion of the works so great debut, but still not a leader present, display their policies on how their predecessors cold, but this does not prevent the National Grand Theater to become the world's most beautiful scenery. of course there is the argument that there is a well-known scholar, said the construction near the National Palace Museum is a modern Western architecture negation of the national spirit, the nation is the world.
nation is the world of this is true, but there is a word, he did not say it, the world is national.
no innovation , only to destroy this nation. Great Hall is a Soviet-style, white tower is Tibetan, and Beijing still has a lot of Indian architecture. Why care about what form the Grand Theatre built into it, in the future this giant beautiful eggs, only said to be China's.
art of the former leader is already a well-known love, he sang often exciting, but also a lot of musical, artistic, exemplary leaders in the PRC. By the way, the freedom of that era (culture and arts, economy, etc.) I am still very blessed.
Mid-Autumn Night's National Grand Theater opened interior lighting, the whole body transparent, like a giant egg the stars who have little light, like a Crystal Palace interior in general, lie water, very beautiful. can be said that my favorite one of Beijing's buildings, and the China Millennium Monument, a lot more than a quiet and gorgeous, a lot less edge and corners; and the Capital Museum and rounded than the addition of a number of magnificent and aesthetic.
premiere ballet repertoire is fever, with a heart filled with longing and the sense of the sacred to participate in the premiere, is a very memorable experience.
morning, China Central Place, the completion ceremony, which symbolizes the rapid development of CBD opens dual-core era, related presentations I not to mention, in short, luxury hotels, fifth in the world, Asia's first shopping center, top office buildings and commercial streets, commercial centers such as China Central Place building an integrated body, is expected to nearly a billion in taxes, but also a giant aircraft carrier was born. The most important opponents to shut up those who can make the fact is, China Central Place rental rate of more than 7 percent, than in addition to Shanghai, Shenzhen and other cities in other cities built CBD, the occupancy rate of less than 1 as, like a ghost town, we no waste.
the Internet also saw Yuanmingyuan's 3D recovery plans, this is an example of combining Chinese and Western landscape, the National Grand Theater is there that is reasonable. Yuanmingyuan gives me a more profound shock, it is so beautiful. If how far the existing good. So I have a very bold idea, than to curse the invaders dead grandfather, who better to rebuild the human miracle. If I were the leader, I will do, although now been a lot of opposition, I will still insist, Chen Jing, my thoughts are also highly appreciated.
Eighth Beijing CBD Business Festival organizing and participation, and concluded trip to Shanghai Diary
ago, with more invested in this activity.
invitation to write small to large arrangements for the opening ceremony and activities are involved, before the seventh to complete an important task: branding.
more active atmosphere of the business section , such as dragon boat race was held, auto and other activities, the International Economic Forum 2007 Olympic Games, Beijing CBD International Forum, China City Forum Beijing Summit, Leadership Summit 2007, Beijing and other multinational forums and the theme of harmony seven Chaoyang, Ka Ying 2008 Business Day opening ceremony and other cultural activities with six business units to create the most ever.
9.12 at the China World Hotel to participate in the inspired a lot of flash point of view I have put down, filled their own knowledge. Indeed, the dialogue and the elite can grow very quickly.
the biggest bright spot is the World Trade Center exhibition environment and development driving force for development, CBD, Chaoyang District, where, if, as a province of the country's economy compared with the words, GDP value can be discharged to 15, while the more developed of the Central Area District, the per capita GDP will reach $ 25,000, ranking most areas of the country first. In this session of the Business Festival, the fastest growing media to give the highlights of Beijing Chaoyang to highly of 2000, its per capita GDP lower than the Xuanwu Chong Wen ...
:
as boundless and deep; infinite truth, let me try Try to seek to follow.
I am looking at the stars, it is so solemn and holy; that Lin natural justice, so I am full of love, awe.
I am looking at the stars, it is so free and peaceful; that open minds, let my soul habitat, snuggling.
I looking at the stars, it is so magnificent and brilliant; eternal hot, so ignited hope in my heart Lie Yan spring thunder.
mm
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Premier of the poet to a new book begins to do, because I am very touched, perhaps, we walk among the bustling busy city, and perhaps We are looking back at is full of dim light, we just ignore the blue sky overhead.
Premier Wen Jiabao visited Tongji University in the time made reference to Hegel's philosophy: hope; a nation only concerned about the foot thing, that there is no future. learn knowledge and skills to be a concern for the destiny of the people. prohibited content by way of illustrations made in the 23-26 floor)
UBS location, location celebration UBS, BNP Paribas and other site Diary:
With UBS CEO Marcel b Ronald personal letter on the desk the mayor of Beijing, UBS final word, its Asia-Pacific corporate banking headquarters in Beijing, UBS will be located in Beijing's seventh foreign banks.
logo forward to several months in Beijing and Shanghai for the final competition UBS site a stop. I have witnessed in Beijing for UBS settled the whole process, during which the feelings and experience bit by bit fresh. heart for Some of the more extensive the heavy sense of responsibility to the world burst out in an instant spark of the most beautiful.
UBS and Deutsche Bank previously stationed in Beijing, is leading the world's largest bank, regardless of its influence, capital, power, etc. , for Beijing the next most important pillar industry financial development and accelerate the process of urban modernization, optimization of financial and investment environment, improve the financing capacity of Beijing and the overall competitiveness of great significance, UBS controls the wealth of the world's leading financial groups, with the most Private banking and private wealth of the most advanced concepts, its investment banking division is the world's top team. UBS to determine if the location, where the city will bring great wealth and a domino effect, as the follow-up brought the international financial giants siting point to the role.
the financial industry in the last round of competition for resources in the city, Beijing was awarded the Deutsche Bank, JP Morgan Chase Bank, Royal Bank of Canada, Zurich Financial and the Bank of Korea's three corporate-owned banks, the biggest rival in Beijing Shanghai has won the Citibank, HSBC, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, and about to be merged in the Dutch bank's corporate banking, competition for resources UBS is particularly important, UBS as the balance weight, regardless of which site cities, will bring very strong for the follow-up to leverage on the Chinese mainland a major impact on the financial arrangement. For Beijing, the Olympics will rapidly improve the city's influence, how the Olympic economy turning the power and influence Beijing Olympic Games after a strong economic and social sustainable development, industrial upgrading is before us the outstanding issues. the most important part is that after the Olympic Games entered the world's leading consortia, UBS will become the important factor to consider them. Now Little disclose that Goldman Sachs, Societe Generale Bank, Temasek investment banks have entered the site schedule, which will be just the beginning.
sober in the city just when the new day, In most people do not know UBS and as important as the Olympic Games in Beijing, I can participate in the team, is self-evident sense of responsibility in mind, maybe in the future, there is not much between me and UBS, but to see Beijing hundreds of thousands employed by UBS and the arrival of more than 500 downstream firms to obtain stable and peaceful life, I think of friends, saying: heart with the Lord.
I want to thank all the help my people, especially the Gang, you can give me the opportunity, in fact, was the celebration when I do an analysis at the report, was surprised to find that Beijing is already on the delegation won in Beijing on behalf of The average age group is only 31 years old, and Shanghai is 58 years old.
location problem can be described as UBS's twists and turns, the external report last year, UBS first revealed the location of Asia-Pacific corporate banking headquarters in mainland China's intention, Beijing acutely aware of this trend, including the composition of Commerce in Beijing Investment Promotion Bureau, Beijing Financial Street, CBD, and a coalition of two major financial trade associations and other financial leadership office, responsible for the work of UBS settled.
UBS intention to report the release site, made a number of conditions, throughout China, to meet these conditions, the only Beijing,UGG boots, Tianjin and Shanghai, before the deadline, three cities have offered an olive branch of UBS, UBS hopes can be settled locally incorporated banks, and the report made specific application. I specifically responsible for this application report, financial and investment environment in Beijing, the analysis of relevant text and specific financial incentives of the table-top exercises.
in the office meeting, I am very objective analysis of the competitiveness of Beijing, Tianjin, though beyond, but inferior to Shanghai, Shanghai is the economic center of the central government appointed, the financial investment environment than Beijing, whether hardware or software conditions, to compete with Beijing are at a disadvantage. to UBS specific business perspective, the Asia Pacific Greater China business mainly in Hong Kong, Taipei and Shanghai, to Beijing's business involves very little, which is a disadvantage. Even in terms of financial incentives, in the sandbox deduction, we also similar in Shanghai, will not account for advantages. in the construction of urban infrastructure, despite Beijing in rapid city to the ranks of the world's top forward, but the gap is still evident, major cities, the disease is not an overnight thing to solve . the influence of the Olympic Games more reflected in the cultural and commercial context, the role of brand value was in the city, and for the siting of the financial consortium, the financial environment, especially its business focus will undoubtedly be more attractive.
I also analyzed the case of Tianjin, Tianjin view from Tianjin have some advantages not available in Beijing, Tianjin Binhai New Area is a national strategy, and its preferential policies can not be achieved in Beijing, senior UBS executives and central government have access to, even though the surface Look location of the central government UBS neutral, but in fact, in the Binhai New Area's development and the strategic level to consider the layout of the Chinese economy, the central government is inclined to Tianjin Binhai New Area.
Beijing from Shanghai on the hardware at a disadvantage , policy support is also at a disadvantage on Tianjin.
in the office, but I made very clear at the meeting, UBS UBS location decisions are final and not central government, Tianjin foundation is weak, financial institutions did not form chains, so far not a world-class corporate banking settled in Tianjin, we can actually win the final by virtue of a policy change. I said at the table-top exercises, UBS is only impossible because of the financial chain of a site in Tianjin, so the outset to determine the main rivals in Beijing Shanghai, but Shanghai is not completed the judge, blind to the financial policy of playing cards, not to distinguish between real opponents, in terms of access to the circumstances that Shanghai, the Shanghai area in the UBS executives have made a final decision more than 40 hours after The first will be to determine UBS is still out in Beijing. In Shanghai, over-optimistic estimates of its own on the UBS investment environment to attract, starting from its lockout of competitors in Tianjin that UBS relatively progressive leaders more interested in Tianjin, and conservative leaders more interested in Shanghai, of UBS, UBS executives that should be more inclined to Shanghai.
and we also made this conclusion, but we take into account the actual situation in the final, UBS Asia-Pacific region to determine the most direct impact will be the last element of UBS, the fact is that, when informed of the decision-making power given to UBS Asia Pacific, Shanghai was not ready, very hasty.
I made some proposals, and practice in the follow-up was a great harvest, Shanghai has its obvious advantages may be lost UBS as a financial carrier may have some surprise. I proposed the idea of the main highlights Beijing's cultural strengths and UBS's corporate culture similar, highlighting the energy of the Olympic Games, highlighting Beijing Financial Street and CBD as well as two brand and good interaction between the highest levels of government, that highlight the center of Beijing with financial management, control more than 85% of the country's financial capital, and highlight the special situation in China, and his party Three Council (the People's Bank of China, CSRC, CBRC, CIRC) where the significance of the development of foreign banks.
UBS Beijing delegation made it clear to Beijing to convey the advantages of high-rise: the number of corporate financial institutions in Beijing among the nation's First, the added value of Beijing, the financial share of GDP, ranking first in the country, Beijing ranked first in the amount of financial assets, the Beijing tax contribution rate of a single industry ranks first in the country, Beijing financial corporate income tax in the nation , during which there have been many favorable situation in Beijing, the Third High Level Forum on China Headquarters Economy, The results show, Beijing (88.09 points), Shanghai (85.53 points), Guangzhou (76.88 points), Shenzhen (74.63 points) 4 wing out the city's economic development capacity of the headquarters city of the first level, behind 5-10 in the city are: Nanjing, Hangzhou, Tianjin, Chengdu, Qingdao and Wuhan.
most worried about foreign banks for administrative costs, and Beijing also showed the advantages of their own, in the to economic efficiency, structural efficiency, social efficiency, staff efficiency, development efficiency, environmental efficiency of six indicators to measure the average nearly three hundred cities in China Management Comprehensive efficiency index, Beijing, the third consecutive year ranked first in the country, a province of China City management efficiency of the city for three consecutive years ranked in overall efficiency index and efficiency index structure first.
these, all the data and reports, both for UBS chose to lay the foundation for Beijing.
determined to UBS in Beijing The determining factor is that we showed the trump card: the restructuring of UBS Securities in Beijing, the foreign investment banks, this is equivalent to several years in advance to get tickets for the Chinese stock market is significant, Mayor Wang said, with Beijing Securities UBS cooperation, Beijing is an innovation in the financial sector and the attempt.
view in Beijing, Beijing Securities renamed UBS Securities and UBS corporate banks to be established should be one, are UBS After a trade-off's, the UBS balance began to tend to Beijing.
8 29, the king met with the mayor of UBS Group CEO Marcel. Rh?ne line. During the meeting, Wang said: Beijing is to develop high-end services, financial industry is one of them. Marcel. Ronaldinho was also said that Beijing's financial markets to international financial institutions are very attractive.
the meeting eventually led to UBS settled in Beijing .
Another point, also played a crucial role, the mayor Wang, Beijing is definitely so much to get the line IPO bank to do the same, and perhaps to whom are the same, the decision on who the key to the background of strong relationship between the hard-who, I am Pharaoh strong background in finance has always been confident.
Jun was in the East Wyatt's celebration meeting, Pharaoh was actually so easy-going, said: moment br> This is, for the particular class of the Beijing students learn critical financial, imagine, if all of the Asia Pacific headquarters in Shanghai, the people who work in Beijing, you will always be a barrier more than others, branches and head office is not the same.
three in the afternoon of celebration, all members of the Beijing delegation and city leaders have participated in the morning, Xiao-Hong Li on behalf of the Secretary-General informed me that the youngest members of the delegation to speak, I did not preparation, deep fear, but it can be infected in an atmosphere, to say the usually very difficult to say anything, the period: Because we work together today, and received tens of thousands of families a quiet and peaceful, when lighted, my heart will be meditation, the heart with the Lord UBS small gift Giannini and Blue Mountain Coffee coffee maker, the Swiss are cautious, or chat in the intention to say, I like the Blue Mountains, like Mandailing.
UBS site in Beijing, Chen Gang Meets Calyon of France, president of International Operations Bernard Mignucci, China, President Xavier Roux, The fifth in the world of financial institutions based in Hong Kong to determine the company's Asia Pacific headquarters to Beijing CBD. So far, Beijing has received 11 foreign banks in corporate banking, more than 9 in Shanghai.
followed by Alcoa World 500 Asia Pacific headquarters officially moved from Tokyo to Beijing CBD.
economic observers the next day to make way for a small newsletter such a report: the world's 500 representative offices in China, offices and nearly 6 percent of China Head Office in Beijing, including Beijing 293, accounting for 58%, 180 Shanghai, accounting for 36%, other cities accounted for only 6%. < br> Beijing 1983 and removed in the central District has not achieved a breakthrough, I think there will come a day when we actually get a financial center, rather than what the textbook above to a supporting role only.
in UBS and Calyon, we are the same people trying to be more indicative of the Paris bank, has already reached a consensus on technical, not surprisingly, then, will be in a month Beijing official to determine location, and followed by Goldman Sachs in this world-renowned, is only a matter of time. BNP Paribas in Beijing moved to seal the victory will be locked in advance, the new Asia-Pacific financial center will in this ancient city on the rise of the year 3000, which the city into the future power of the world as much as the city held an Olympic Games, this momentum will be sustained, lasting for inject new vitality into the city.
I think, over a decade later, if you have a chance, take the road in the Street, or CBD, in the lanterns season and look to the sky, without any language, mind would have thought that I had been there. have not only been to. (1 / 6, Continued on back)
(log school recognized for being the third paragraph of prohibited content in the manner illustrated in the 23-26 House Development ~ Thank you.)
images associated with this log:
symbol of post-modern industrial civilization Beiyuan North Station
I shot the Mid-Autumn Festival night premiere of the National Theatre: sent down from the sky like a Galaxy practice
my recent favorite piano sheet music the opening of the first page
2007.4.19, equivalent to Meron on Nanjing West Road Shanghai CITIC Pacific town + + Lung + + Isetan + Jiuguang Yaohan, the Central Plaza, Hong Kong more than the equivalent of 12 Xidan Dorset, and has nearly 1,000 international top brands of the world's fifth in Asia A Shin Kong Commercial aircraft carrier mm, the Panasonic is not only the experience store in Osaka than Tokyo's third outside the home, Panasonic is the world's largest store experience. With the CTS CTS Commercial Street Mall and the opening, even as Shin Kong will a whole.
about 9.17 is comparable to the opening of the Shin Kong Financial Street mall, indicate full Beyond Beijing Shanghai commercial real estate era
than 798 on the art of Heaven, Great Wall Great Wall
Commune by the legends of the future technology
Nissan PIVO II
Yong Ying (the Arab States) dividing line -
CBD core area of discussion and planning for complete financial settlement center will work diary
in Ruiyin Qing Shortly after the Pearl in the Jun Wang Fu Peninsula Convention Center, Municipal Standing Committee and the Mayor's office of the enlarged meeting convened by the CBD and the CBD core area of the CMC plans to participate in the discussion. this meeting taking into consideration some of the privacy plan not publicly, I am here to write a diary on a personal activity. VI subway line in the previous plans leaked, any staff member of the mobile phones and electronic devices are not allowed in the venue, so I and text from memory generally describe the part can be made public.
First of all, the mayor heard the CBD CBD Administrative Committee on Intelligent Transportation System Design Underground report, although subject to a number of geological impact, but in principle, to declare to the National Development and Reform Commission program is a foregone conclusion, CBD will cost tens of billions in its core area in recent construction of underground transport network line, the future, in the heart of the city area, the ground will be no vehicles. (where to put the East Third Ring?)
urban construction units the person in charge, reported CCTV new site construction work, and now CCTV new site construction has entered the most difficult stage, is expected in January 2009 for completion around 2010 CCTV will be fully relocated, the project does not affect the 2008 Olympic Games broadcast, involving Olympic broadcast project has been basically completed, TVCC also entered the final construction stage, in the provision of the report, the dynamic investment is close to billions.
meeting focused on the core area of CBD building programs and future stock trading center for the third and completely discussion of the financial settlement center. As for the third stock exchange and financial settlement center is the detailed planning report I wrote, I made a report on behalf of CBD Management Committee.
first talk about the core area, CBD core area There are four options, A program of the most daring and forward-looking, the case in the core area of the construction tentatively as I can only remember a general description of what the Chinese what the World Trade Center twin towers 666 meters high, more than doubled over CWTC3, very beautiful, whole body transparent, and the design unique. completed, not only will become the first high will also be the first height of the Asia-Pacific, excluding China World Trade Center, the building in its surrounding facilities, and at least three buildings in the 400 + or more, tentatively called the case skyscraper buildings will form the City. in the vicinity of the central area outside the core area, will build a large church and financial Museum. the project site to be determined.
currently held in the Olympic Games approaching, the state's restrictions on Beijing high or is limited, so the core area of land not immediately enter the market, huge ambitions and China's World Trade Center, the City plans will enter the operational phase, after the Olympics, at this stage still Guanghua Hotel, on the altar high school, demolition of the main nuclear instrument factory, the early 90s that cover the landscape impact of CBD giant sand table model does not do it, although not included in the service building demolition plan, but I highly doubt it is there life span of five years. but had to find a willing to pay re-cover the money the developer Caixing.
China World Trade Centre, Centre for the use of the nations will be a large area of the core of the financial, insurance, media, consulting for the secondary, defined as foreign financial headquarters base and in the future cover options, Complete stock trading center of financial settlement center, which will depend on whether Beijing to secure the third stock exchange in China, ;, is China the third stock exchange clearing house, the state has released this is the intention, according to geographical distribution is very likely in the north, specifically, of the Beijing and Tianjin, the current competition is very fierce, Binhai New Area has a policy advantage.
Beijing plans to more than just stock trading center, but covers full options, futures and other trading centers, including the country's first full financial settlement center, when Beijing will form a financial settlement center, financial center and financial headquarters decision-making centers of the situation, CBD and the Financial Street will be shared.
significant progress in Beijing after the Nasdaq is stationed in CBD, Beijing is seen as building a financial settlement center signal, although the actual meaning is almost zero. But process than the result, Beijing is the first step.
I access a wealth of information, in fact, historically, Beijing should have Stock Exchange. This is an excerpt from my report:
China's first a stock exchange approved by the official establishment of .1918 years in Beijing, the Northern Government approved the establishment of the before and after establishment of the People's Republic, in order to ease the hot money, financial stability, economic recovery, had in June 1949 and February 1950 has set up in Tianjin, Beijing Stock Exchange, Stock Exchange and the reform and opening up
the early 90s securities transactions, running. STAQ system is a computer network based on a comprehensive securities trading over the counter market, the system center is located in Beijing.
China Securities Trading System Co., Ltd. developed and designed by NET system is, in April 1993 28 put into trial operation. The system is more than 100 cities across the country using satellite data communication network connecting the computer network system for securities transactions and provide centralized quotation of securities, clearing, settlement, registration, hosting, consulting and other services Systems Center in Beijing.
1999 年 9 月 9 日 due to trading system, the current situation is entirely since the late 90's, Securities Trading Center.
Center is a return to the Securities and Exchange takes a long time effort, but we are ready, their conditions are very mature, regardless of who is to operate, will stick to the end, the financial center for Asia-Pacific and China's financial settlement center.
So far, Beijing, Tianjin competitors out in the report card is still zero, forcing executives to seriously review its policies with the Binhai New Area operability. In fact, as an offshore center in Tianjin and Beijing's port, insist on a financial basis for building a financial center where the weak, it is the way to make ends meet. Oumen are just worried in Tianjin high-level exchanges and boosting the upstate economy won linked to referred to as China has fully opened the third stock exchange, from the geographical point of view, it should be assigned to the North in the affirmative. from the perspective of history and urban infrastructure, Beijing is undoubtedly the biggest competitors, we are back, not to join, compared to Shanghai We earlier stock exchange in the basic judgments that, in 2015, China will inevitably set up a third securities (stock) trading center, its location must in the North, Beijing, accounting for 8 percent chance of winning, because apparently in 2015, Tianjin, do not have the radiation north, with the first-tier cities in China (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen) compete for the basis of financial resources, access to the Asia-Pacific financial center in the per capita GDP of Beijing exceeded ten thousand dollars after the sustainable development of post-industrial era to address the economic impact of the Olympic valleys, are vitally important, Beijing has also reached a consensus on this issue comprehensively, the mayor instructed episode, in discussing the core planning programs, some of the city of Beijing should not undermine the coordination of the ground, seriously oppose the A plan, at the most intense debate, I do not know which nerve is causing trouble, pound the table once stood up, right about face those opponents said a meal: Sorry, did not seem to control the hh
but still achieved very good results, and finally A program was supported by the vast majority of people. I also won the , is the youngest daughter of Chen Jing Chen Gang played, she did a little of her father's sense of humor, less than a day, authoritarian side, ah, that's it.
mayor's office, I also got from the Gang was a big one, commissioned by the State Council Development Research Center of Beijing, the capital of financial development made the relevant issues. < br> Mid-Autumn Festival and National Theatre premiere of the completion ceremony of China Central Place, a diary
ago I had the pleasure to participate in, the latter did not participate. put together to write, because the two really big things.
before Mid-Autumn Festival, Gang said to send us a gift, did not think was actually the National Grand Theater premiere tickets. National Theatre premiere of the theater audience is mainly builders, builders of the Olympic Games, local relocation, of course but also some reservations, I'll keep that part of the participants belong.
National Theatre premiere of the very strange, I mean the political atmosphere is very strange.
completion of the works so great debut, but still not a leader present, display their policies on how their predecessors cold, but this does not prevent the National Grand Theater to become the world's most beautiful scenery. of course there is the argument that there is a well-known scholar, said the construction near the National Palace Museum is a modern Western architecture negation of the national spirit, the nation is the world.
nation is the world of this is true, but there is a word, he did not say it, the world is national.
no innovation , only to destroy this nation. Great Hall is a Soviet-style, white tower is Tibetan, and Beijing still has a lot of Indian architecture. Why care about what form the Grand Theatre built into it, in the future this giant beautiful eggs, only said to be China's.
art of the former leader is already a well-known love, he sang often exciting, but also a lot of musical, artistic, exemplary leaders in the PRC. By the way, the freedom of that era (culture and arts, economy, etc.) I am still very blessed.
Mid-Autumn Night's National Grand Theater opened interior lighting, the whole body transparent, like a giant egg the stars who have little light, like a Crystal Palace interior in general, lie water, very beautiful. can be said that my favorite one of Beijing's buildings, and the China Millennium Monument, a lot more than a quiet and gorgeous, a lot less edge and corners; and the Capital Museum and rounded than the addition of a number of magnificent and aesthetic.
premiere ballet repertoire is fever, with a heart filled with longing and the sense of the sacred to participate in the premiere, is a very memorable experience.
morning, China Central Place, the completion ceremony, which symbolizes the rapid development of CBD opens dual-core era, related presentations I not to mention, in short, luxury hotels, fifth in the world, Asia's first shopping center, top office buildings and commercial streets, commercial centers such as China Central Place building an integrated body, is expected to nearly a billion in taxes, but also a giant aircraft carrier was born. The most important opponents to shut up those who can make the fact is, China Central Place rental rate of more than 7 percent, than in addition to Shanghai, Shenzhen and other cities in other cities built CBD, the occupancy rate of less than 1 as, like a ghost town, we no waste.
the Internet also saw Yuanmingyuan's 3D recovery plans, this is an example of combining Chinese and Western landscape, the National Grand Theater is there that is reasonable. Yuanmingyuan gives me a more profound shock, it is so beautiful. If how far the existing good. So I have a very bold idea, than to curse the invaders dead grandfather, who better to rebuild the human miracle. If I were the leader, I will do, although now been a lot of opposition, I will still insist, Chen Jing, my thoughts are also highly appreciated.
Eighth Beijing CBD Business Festival organizing and participation, and concluded trip to Shanghai Diary
ago, with more invested in this activity.
invitation to write small to large arrangements for the opening ceremony and activities are involved, before the seventh to complete an important task: branding.
more active atmosphere of the business section , such as dragon boat race was held, auto and other activities, the International Economic Forum 2007 Olympic Games, Beijing CBD International Forum, China City Forum Beijing Summit, Leadership Summit 2007, Beijing and other multinational forums and the theme of harmony seven Chaoyang, Ka Ying 2008 Business Day opening ceremony and other cultural activities with six business units to create the most ever.
9.12 at the China World Hotel to participate in the inspired a lot of flash point of view I have put down, filled their own knowledge. Indeed, the dialogue and the elite can grow very quickly.
the biggest bright spot is the World Trade Center exhibition environment and development driving force for development, CBD, Chaoyang District, where, if, as a province of the country's economy compared with the words, GDP value can be discharged to 15, while the more developed of the Central Area District, the per capita GDP will reach $ 25,000, ranking most areas of the country first. In this session of the Business Festival, the fastest growing media to give the highlights of Beijing Chaoyang to highly of 2000, its per capita GDP lower than the Xuanwu Chong Wen ...
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